1 91 9-] Oriental Woodpeckers and Barbels. 221 



Bucco phUippinensis Gmel. Syst. Nat. i. 1788, p. 407: 

 Philippines. 



Capilo favicollis Bonn, et Yieill. Eiic. Metli. 1823, 

 p. 1424 : Philippines. 



Xantholama hamatocephala Shelley, Cat. Bii'ds B.M. xix. 

 1891, p. 89 (part). 



Birds from the Philippines are the darkest of all these 

 little Barbets, and are very heavily striated below. The 

 edges to the wing-quills are dark and very blue, less green, 

 especially when compared with Assam or still more w^estern 

 specimens. 



The difference in the size of the bill is very noticeable : 

 birds from the Philippines have the bill from 16 to 18 mm., 

 measured as described, whilst those from Sumatra, Malay 

 Peninsula, Burma, and India have it between 12 and 15 mm., 

 whilst the average for the two forms is under 14 mm. and 

 over 17 mm. respectively. 



Brisson^s Bucco philippensis would appear to be this bird, 

 but his names are not accepted as binomial ; the plate is very 

 poor and the description meagre, and under these circum- 

 stances it is safer to retain Miiller's name. 



Habitat. Philippines. 



(2) Xantholaema haemacephala indica. 



Bucco indicns Lath. Ind. Orn. i. 1790, p. 205 : India. 



Bucco rubricollis Cuv. Regne Anim. i. 1829, p. 428 : 

 "The greater part of India. ^' 



Bucco luteus Less. Traite, 1831, p. 163 : Pondicherry. 



Megalama rubrifrons Gray, List Capit. Brit. Mus. 1868, 

 p. 11 : India. 



Xantholama hamatocephala Shelley, Cat. Birds B.M. xix. 

 1891, p. 89 (part; . 



The differences between X. h. indica and X. h. hama- 

 cephaia are those already pointed out above. 



Habitat. Practically the whole of India, from the foot- 

 hills of the Himalayas to Ceylon, the plains of Burma, 

 Yunnan, Siam, the Malay Peninsula, and Sumatra. 



There are three names which have hitherto been given as 



