I9I9«] Birrfs of the Canary Is/ands. 473 



to be two distinct races. Much more material is required ; 

 at any rate there are not more than two forms at the most. 



The migrations of the Hoopoe are also diflficult to deter- 

 mine, and I have therefore quoted the opinions of the 

 various ornithologists who have studied this question at 

 length. 



If two forms are recognized, which, according to Pohitzek 

 (Orn. Jahrb. 1908, p. 165), is the case : 



(«) is a Resident Species. A larger l)iid, more vivid in 

 colouring and with a longer l)ill than the typical 

 form, which breeds in the winter months and lays 

 slightly larger eggs. Tiiis bird has been named 

 [/pupa epops fuerteventur(B by Polatzek [he. cit.). 



(b) is the typical race (Upupa epops epops), which is a 

 Partial Eesident and also a regular visitor to the 

 islands, where it breeds. A few remain throughout 

 the year. These birds arrive in March and April 

 from Africa, and the majority leave the islands in 

 the autumn. 



Floericke, who has catised so much confusion by his 

 writings on Canarian birds, has thought it necessary to 

 describe (A, d. Heimat. d. Kanarienvug. 1905, p. 32) two 

 additional forms of the Hoopoe from the Canary Islands, 

 Upupa epops petrosa and Upupa e. pulchra, both from 

 Tenerife in the Western Group (!). 



After my last expedition, before the war, to the islands, 

 I studied the question of the Hoopoes of the Canaries very 

 carefully, and my remarks will be found summed up in 

 'The Ibis,' 1914, pp. 253-256. I am not entirely satisfied 

 with the conclusions at which I then arrived, especially as 

 regards a possible resident race, but will defer discussion of 

 that until some future paper. 



Granted that it is the typical form which visits the 

 Archipelago annually, as distinct from a poj,sible resident 

 race, the following statements of various ornithologists must 

 refer to this i)ird aloiie. 



Polatzek (Orn. Jahrb. 1908, p. 165), writing only of the 



