5J;8 Recently published Oniithuloy'ical Works. [Ibis, 



IJinnherg on Hijbrld Galls. 



[Hybrid Gulls. I>y Eiuar Lunnberg. Aik. Zool. .Stockholm, xii. 

 no. 7,' 1919, pp. 1--2-2, 3 pis., 2 text-figs.] 



Examples ot" liyl)ri(l gulls ap[)ear to l)e uncommon or, 

 at any rate, have seldom been commented on, and the 

 instances quoted by Dr. Lihinberg show that there is less 

 fundamental difference between the black-mantled and 

 the grey-mantled gulls than is generally thought to be the 

 case. 



The first group of hyl)rids described were the offspring 

 ol" a male Larus fascus which mated M'ith a female 

 L. leucopterus in the Zoological Gardens at Stockholm 

 in 1912 and 1913; the hybrids are figured in their first, 

 second, and third years, the last being practically adult. 

 In this bird the mantle is darker than that of the female 

 parent, but much paler than that of the male ; while the 

 feet retain the jjinkish colour of the mother. The bearing 

 of these facts is discussed by Dr. Lonnberg at some length, 

 and he regards the coloration of the hybrids as a reversion 

 to that of the ancestral forms. 



Another series of hybrids between Laras viarinus and 

 Larus (/laiicus, bred in the Zoological Gardens at Copenhagen, 

 are also described ; these agree in general coloration and 

 wing-pattern with a gull now in the Copenhagen Museum, 

 oi)tained in Greenland and labelled by Dr. Winge, ''Larus 

 niarmus x ylaacus {= L. nelsuni):' 



Menegaux on Bird-Protection. 



[L'Ami des Oiseaiix. Petit mamiel de protection, par A. Menegaux, 

 Pp. 1-35. Paris.] 



From M. Menegaux we have received this little pamphlet 

 on the protection of birds useful to agriculture. After a 

 short introduction, the various methods for encouraging 

 and stimulating the increase of bird-life such as nesting- 

 boxes, feeding-trays, and special plantations, are enumerated. 

 This is followed bv a list of terms employed in descriptions 



