1919-] the Birds of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. 665 



Neumann has separated the forms of Scopte/us aterriinus 

 as follows : — 



S. a. aterrimus. Senegal to Togoland. 



S. a. emini. White Nile district to Lake Albert. 



-S. a. notatus. Bogos, north and central Abyssinia, etc. 



S. a. major. S. Abyssinian Lake district. 



S. a. anchietce. Angola. 

 The differences on which these races are based are chieHy 

 those of variation of metallic gloss and the absence or 

 amount of white in the tail-feathers. As regards the former, 

 we cannot from the material before us consider it as 

 sufficiently constant to separate subspecies^ but the second 

 characteristic is more constant. In Senegal S. a. aterrimus 

 never has any white in the tail^ in Eritrea S. a. notatus always 

 has. In our Sudanese specimens, the young birds almost 

 always have white, the adults, naales at any rate, apparently 

 never. In other words they are as nearly as possible 

 intermediate, but inasmuch as they have been named already 

 by Neumann, it seems the best course to keep them distinct 

 for the present. 



Family Upupiu^e. 

 Upupa epops epops. 



Upupa epops Linn. Syst. Nat. 10th ed. 1758, p. 117 : 

 woods of Europe, restricted type-locality : Sweden ; Butler, 

 Ibis, 1905, p. 352, 1908, p. 242, 1909, p. 401. 



Upupa epops epops Hartert, Vog. pal. Faun. p. 867. 

 [B. coll.] 7 Khartoum, 7 April-24 May. 

 [C. & L. coll.] 2 Kamisa Dec. Sen. ; 1 White Nile lat. 

 14° N., W.N. ; 2 Jebel Ahmed Agha Jan., 2 Lake No 

 Feb. U.N. 

 [Gurney coll.] 1 Meroe Feb. Ber. 



A winter migrant to the whole of the Sudan and from 

 Gambia to British East Africa. 



Upupa epops senegalensis. 



Upupa senegalensis Swainson, Birds W. Afr. ii. 1837, 

 p. 114 : Senegal ; Claude Grant, Ibis, 1915, p. 276. 



