CHITON. 399 



neither specially indicated by a marginal line nor superior 

 elevation, of large papillae, which, if exhibiting any ar- 

 rangement at all, are set rather concentrically than other- 

 wise, and are so much raised as almost to appear peduncu- 

 lated. The latter are very deciduous, especially on the 

 posterior edge, which, before their obliteration, almost pre- 

 sents a dentated appearance. The ligamental border, 

 which is not broad, is covered with bristle-like aculeations, 

 and, according to Loven, has additional tufts of rather 

 longer ones at the posterior corner of the inserted valves. 



Few British examples measure more than a quarter of 

 an inch long, and about the seventh of an inch broad ; 

 foreign specimens are decidedly larger. 



In England this rare shell has been taken attached to the 

 under sides of rocks at the lowest spring-tides, Scarborough 

 (Bean) ; Cullercoats in twenty fathoms (Alder). In 

 Scotland it has been dredged in twenty fathoms east of 

 Mull, on a gravelly bottom (M'Andrew and E. F.) ; 

 in from seventy to eighty fathoms, forty miles from land, 

 east of the Noss, Zetland (M'Andrew) ; at Oban, Skye, 

 Zetland, and upon the West Coast of Ireland (Barlee). 



It is recorded by Loven among Scandinavian species. 



C. ruber, Linnaeus. 



Valves of a shining red, perfectly smooth, or. with only strong 

 concentric lines upon the lateral areas ; border delicately fari- 

 naceous, articulately spotted with red and white. 



Plate LIX. fig. 6, and (Animal) Plate AA, fig. 6. 



Chiton ruber, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, p. 1107. — Lowe, Zool. Journ. vol. ii. p. 

 101, pi. 5, f. 2. — Fleming, Brit. Anim. p. 289. — Johnston, 

 Berwick Club, vol. ii. p. 38. — Brit. Marine Conch, p. 129. — 

 Brown, 111. Conch. G. B. p. 66, pi. 21, f. 6, 9.— Chemn. Conch. 

 Cab. vol. viii. p. 288, pi. 96, f. 813.— Wood, Gen. Conch, p. 14. 

 — Dillw. Recent Shells, vol. i. p. 6 (not var.). — Sowkrhy, 

 Conch. 111. Chiton, sp. 8, f. 103, 104. — Gould, Invert. Massach. 



