PALUDINA. 9 



Sup. p. 141. — Maton and Rack. Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. viii. 

 p. 20.5 (partly).— Dorset Catalog, p. 54, pi. 1 7, f. 2.— Dillw. 

 Recent Shells, vol. ii. p. 940. — Wood, Index Testae, pi. 34, 

 f. 119, 

 Nerita vivipara, Muller, Hist. Verm. pt. 2, p. 182. — Sturm, Deutsch. Fauna, 



pt. 2 (var. «.). 

 Cyclostoma viviparum, Drap. Moll. Ter. et Fluv. France, p. 34, pi. 1, f. 16, 17. 

 Paludina vivipara. Lam. Anim. s. Vert. (ed. Desh.) vol. viii. p. 511. — Turt. 

 Manual L. and F.W. Shells, p. 133, pi. 10, f. 118.— 

 Fleming, Brit. Animals, p. 31 5 (chiefly). — Gray, Manual 

 L. and F. W. Shells, p. 90, pi. 10, f. 118. — Brown, 

 lUust. Conch. G. B. p. 26, pi. 14, f. 71, 72. — Brard, 

 Coq. Paris, p. 174, pi. 7, f. 1. — C. Pfeif. Deutsch. Land 

 und Siissw. Moll. pt. 1, p. 103, pi. 4, f. 42, 43.— Ross- 

 MASSL. Iconog. Land und Siissw. Moll. pt. 1, p. 108, pi. 2, 

 f. 66.— KiCKX, Moll. Brabant. Austral, p. 73. — Gras, 

 Moll. Ter. et Fluv. France, p. 66, pi. 1, f. 2. 

 „ crystallina. Gray, Medical Repository, 1821, p. 239 (fide Gray). 

 „ achatina, Sowerby, Genera Shells, Paludina, f. 1. — Reeve, Conch. 

 Systematica, pi. 197, f. 1. 



Against our inclination we have been compelled to change 

 the appellation of this well-known shell, inasmuch as the 

 H. vivipara of Linnaeus is stated to be an imperforated 

 species, and the specimens in his cabinet decidedly belong 

 to the succeeding Paludina. 



The shell is ovate-conoid, somewhat oblique, rather 

 scalariform, nearly smooth, thin, semitransparent, rather 

 glossy, and of a dark olive green, with moderately-broad 

 spiral bands of intense rufous brown. Of these there are 

 three subequidistant ones upon the body, the lowest of 

 which, however, is generally nearer to the central one than 

 the upper one is, and continues in the line of the final 

 suture ; the two superior ones traverse the penult and 

 antepenult volutions, and then gradually become obsolete. 

 There are six rather quickly- enlarging tumid whorls, that 

 terminate in a very small point, and are separated by a 

 strongly-impressed suture, but are best defined by the short 

 but well-marked horizontal flattening of their upper edge, 



VOL. III. c 



