TURRITELLA. 175 



reflected on the mavgiu of the shell. The stomach in this 

 creature is very long. 



This is one of the commonest British shells, being Jisti'i- 

 buted all round our coasts, and frequently, especially in 

 muddy and weedy localities, in great abundance. It has a 

 wide range in depth, extending from four to one hundred 

 fathoms. Its chief habitat is in the shallower seabeds, 

 occurring in immense numbers in many places in fi-om seven 

 to ten fathoms, but we have notes of its capture alive on 

 various parts of our coast, both north and south, and often 

 very far from land, in fifty, sixty, eighty, ninety and one 

 hundred fathoms, — the latter instance having been off the 

 Zetland Isles, where Mr. M 'Andrew took a beautiful 

 colourless variety from that great depth. It ranges through- 

 out the European seas, but is most characteristic of the 

 Celtic and Boreal provinces. As a fossil it is believed to 

 have originated during the Miocene epoch, and was cer- 

 tainly present in our area in the older Pliocene sea. 



SPURIOUS. 

 T. DUPLiCATA, Linnoeus. 



Lister, Anim. Angl. pi. 3, f. 7; Hist. Conch, pi. 591.— 

 BoNANNi, Mils. Kirch, pi. 114. — Seba, Thesaur. vol. iii. 

 pi. 56, f. 7. 

 Tnrho (hiplicatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. 12, p. 1239. — Donov. Brit. Shells, vol. iv. 

 pi. 1 12. — Maton and Rack. Trans. Linn. See. vol. viii. 

 p. 175. — TuRT. Conch. Diction, p. 216. — Martini, Conch. 

 Cab. vol. iv. pi. 151, f. 414. — Born, Testacea Mus. Ca!S. 

 Vind. p. 357. — Diluv. Recent Shells, vol. ii. p. 869. — 

 Wood, Index Testaceolog. pi. 32, f. 132. 

 Stromhiformis bicarinatus, Da Costa, Brit. Conch, p. 110, pi. 6, f. 3. 

 Turriklla dupUcata, Lam. Anim. s. Vert. (cd. Desh.) vol. ix. p. 251. — Fleming, 

 Brit. Animals, p. 303 — Soweruy, Genera Shells,Turritella, 

 f. 1. — Kiener, Coquilles Vivantes, Turr. pi. 1. — Reeve, 

 Conch. Iconica, vol. v. Turrit, pi. 1, f. 2. 

 Encyclop. Method. Vers, pi. 449, div. 2, f. 1. 



