116 IIELICID^. 



lodged under the loose bark. It occurs also in walls and 

 under stones. 



CLAUSILIA, Dkapaknaud. 



Shell spiral, produced, elongato-fusiform, almost always 

 s*inistrorsal. Aperture elliptic or pear-shaped, always 

 toothed, and closed in its throat by a testaceous elastic 

 folded lamellar valve or clausium. 



Animal short and usually broad, obtuse behind, with 

 stout clavate upper tentacula, and very small lower ones. 



The shells of this genus are equally remarkable for the 

 peculiarities of their shape, and for the curious opercular 

 valve, or rather independent process of the shell closing the 

 throat of their apertures. The majority of species are 

 centralized in south-eastern Europe. 



C. LAMiNATA, Montagu. 

 Large, smooth, or nearly so. 



Plate CXXVIII. fig. 10. 



Helia: bidcns, MvLL'ER, Hist. Verm. pt. 2, p. 116. — Sturm, Fauna Deutsch. 



sect. vi. pt. 2, pi. 9. 

 Turbo „ Chemn. (not of Lin.) Conch. Cab. vol. ix. pt. 1, p. 119, pi. 112, 

 f. 960, no. 1. — Pennant, Brit. Zool. ed. 4, vol. iv. pi. 81 (no 

 numeral). — Gmelin, Syst. Nat. p. 3609. 

 Bulimus „ Bkuguiere, EncycL Meth. Vers, vol. i. p. ,'552. — Poiret, Prodr. 



Cog. T. et Fl. Aisne, p. 57. 

 Turbo perversus, Pulteney, Hutchins, Dorset, p. 46, in part. 



„ laminatus, Mont. Test. Brit. p. 359, pi. 11, f. 4. — Maton and Rack. 

 Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. viii. p. 179- — Dorset Catalog, p. 5], 

 pi. 19, f. 9.— TuRT. Conch. Diction, p. 224, f. 70.— Dillw. 

 Recent Shells, vol. ii. p. 874. 

 Pupa bidens, Drap. Tableau Moll. France, p. 61. 



Clausilia bidens, Drap. Moll. Ter. et Fluv. France, p. 68, pi. 4, f . 3 to 7. — 

 Fleming, Brit. Anim. p. 271. — Gray, Manual L. and F. 

 W. Shells, p. 212, pi. 5, f. 53. — Brown, Illust. Conch. G. 

 B. p. 37, pi. 14, f. 12, and pi. 18*, f. 24, 25.-Lam. Anim. 



