VERTIGO. 261 



This species difiers from V. pygmcea in being more 

 cylindrical, of a paler colour and nearly transparent, 

 and especially in tlie numerous and sharp transverse 

 striae, as well as in not ha^dng any rib either outside or 

 inside the mouth. 



It is questionable whether the V. alpestris of Ferussac 

 is the same as our shell, because he gave no description ; 

 and his original specimens appeared to me, from two 

 careful examinations which I made in 1860 and 1861, 

 to be the marsh variety [pallida) of V. pygmcea, and 

 not Alder's species. I have, however, no doubt of the 

 present species being the Pupa Shuttleworthiana of 

 Charpentier (Zeitschr. f. Malak. 1847, p. 148), ha\ing 

 compared with that naturalist the specimens I collected 

 in Switzerland. The Pupa borealis of Morelet from 

 Kamtschatka appears also to belong to this species. 



5. V. substria'ta *, Jeffreys. 



Alaa stcbstriaia, Jeffr. in Linn. Trans, xvi, p. 515. Pupa substriata, 

 F. & H. iv. p. 108, pi. cxxx. f. 3. 



Body grey of different shades : snout short, bilobed : tenta- 

 cles slender, cylindrical or club-shaped, and divergent ; bulbs 

 equal to about one-fourth of their length : foot of a hghter 

 colour, thick, short, narrow and keeled at the tail. 



Shell oval or subfusiform, rather thin and semitransparent, 

 glossy, pale yellowish-homcolour, very strongly and obliquely 

 striate and almost ribbed in the line of growth, but less so on 

 the body whorl, which is faintly striate spirally : periphery 

 rounded : epidermis rather thick : whorls 4^, very convex or 

 cyhndrical, and suddenly increasing in bulk, the penultimate 

 whorl slightly exceeding in breadth the last, which occupies 

 about one-half of the shell : sjnre short, very abrupt and 

 bluntly pointed : suture remarkably deep : mouth semioval, 

 contracted or sinuous in the middle of the outer edge ; teeth 

 from four to six, viz. from one to three (usually two) on the 



* Slightly striate. 



