1922.] the Xear East and Tropical East Africa. G7 



C. I. neglecta is darker than gaddi, tliongh not quite so 

 dark as intermedia. Some birds from Kashmir and Turkestan 

 are inseparable from intermedia. A pair in the British 

 Museum from Samurkhand have wings 220 and 238, with 

 lower backs grej and as back. 



I have seen examples of C. I. livia from Morocco, Algeria, 

 Italy, Sardinia, Greece, Montenegro, and the island of 

 Lemnos. 



A male in the British Museum from Tunis has a wiiio- of 

 211 mm., with a lower back the same colour as the mantle. 

 Both upper and lower parts are similar to C, I. livia. 



Columba livia scMmperi Bp. 



I obtained a series of seven birds, all believed to be wild, 

 from Helouan and the Fayoum. The wings of males run 

 from 192 to 199 mm. and that of females from 190 to 204 

 mm. They are remarkably constant in the colour of the 

 mantle and scapulars, which is much paler than in C. I. 

 livii, and very similar (if anything slightly paler) to p'lhes- 

 tince. Under parts muc'i paler than C. I. livia and slightly 

 paler than jyala'stincr. Lower back from i)ure white to grev — 

 the same colour as the mantle. 



There are in the Giza Zoological Museum nine Rock- 

 Pigeons from Wasta in Upper Egypt. Of Aese, four have 

 pale grey lower backs, and five have almost white backs (not 

 so white as white cotton-wool). The former are three 

 females with wings of 184, 184, and 191, and one male 

 with a wing of 184 mm. The latter are two females with 

 wings of 189, and three males with wings of 192, 200, 

 and 205 mm. 



So we see that birds with white lower backs tend to be 

 larger than those with grey lower backs. 



Two females which I shot at Helouan have wings smaller 

 than any of the above and their lower backs are even 

 darker grey. Two females from Dongola, alive in the 

 Giza Zoological Gardens, have almost white lower backs 

 and wings of 197 and 205 mm. 



Three unsexed birds from Egypt and Nubia in the 



f2 



