1922.] Birds of Spitsherfjm and Bear Island. 171 



trilling, but no occupied nest was found in tlie limited time 

 available, though the birds were evidently breeding. One 

 male was shot. Dr. Van Oordt also saw one near ( "ap 

 Boheman on 25 June. Our two Spitsbergen specimens 

 (and others seen) have less black on the breast than Nor- 

 wegian birds. 



37. Erolia maritima maritima (Briinn.). Purple Sand- 

 piper. 



Widely distributed, and may be met with almost every- 

 where where the ground is free from snow, both on Bear 

 Island and Spitsbergen, breeding on the hillsides as well as 

 the low ground. Full clutches were taken on Bear Island 

 from IG June onward. The incubation period according to 

 Dr. Van Oordt's observations lasts about 21 days. 



38. Crocethia alba (Pall.). Sanderling. 



Absent from Bear Island and only recorded on four 

 occasions prior to 1907, when ^Y. S. Bruce obtained young 

 in down on Prince Charles Foreland, and thus proved that 

 occasionally at any rate it breeds in the grou[). In 1908 

 over twenty were observed by Koenig's party on six separate 

 occasions between 15 and 2(3 June, and fourteen s[)ecimens 

 obtained. We first met with it in Liefde Bay on 3 July, 1921, 

 when two males were shot and two other birds seen on 

 Reindeer Peninsula. On G July one was seen on the lies 

 de Canards, and two were watched for some time on the 

 mainland on 7 July. 



39. Phalaropus fulicarius jourdaini Ir^dale. Grey Phala- 



rope. 



Koenig met with several pairs on the north coast of Bear 

 Island, evidently breeding, on l.'i-ll July, 1907. In S])its- 

 beroen it occurs locally at many points on the west coast 

 and in Ice Fjord. On the north coast we found it breeding 

 on the islands in Liefde Bay, as well as on the mainland, in 

 the neighbourhood of marshy pools. Nests were also met 

 with by us on the Edinburgh Isles, the Anser Islands, and 

 the tundra near (Jiip Boheman in Ice Fjord. It has also 



