678 Brig.-Gen. H. R. Kelham on [Ibis, 



the pole to save them and their kit from the birds^ drop- 

 pings, a very necessary precaution which at first puzzled 

 the birds, but they very soon became accustomed to it. I 

 jotted dow^n the plumage of the male as he sat on the back 

 of a chair within a foot of me : forehead and throat bright 

 chestnut, with a black band just below, underparts white, 

 becoming rustj^ on the vent, tail very long and forked." 



Riparia rupestris. 



Seen in September among the highest mountains in 

 Sphakia. 



Certhia familiaris. 



Several seen near Lakkos at 4000 ft. 



Carduelis elegans. 



Common throughout the year, breeding in Crete. On 

 30 August, on Omalos Plain, I saw a fully-fledged family of 

 Goldfinches, able to fly^ but still being fed by their parents, 

 in which I could detect no difference of plumage from our 

 English bird. 



Coccothraustes coccothraustes. 



I saw a Hawfinch in tlie olive-groves at Anapoli in 

 September. 



Fringilla coelebs. 



The Chafltinch is common in Crete, I believe breeding- 

 there, but I did not find a nest. 



Sturnus vulgaris. 



Candia, during the winter. 



Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax. 



While after ibex in the Sphakia mountains I constantly 

 saw the red-billed Choughs, noticeable birds on account of 

 their strange, metallic-sounding voice and blown-about 

 flight, like that of a butterfly in a wind. 



Garrulus glandarius. 



Jays were common among the hills at from 4000 to 6000 

 feet. 



