1922.] Collection of Birds made in the Sudan. C)91 



upper parts. This is not borne out in our series, and it 

 must be renieniberod that in Upper Egypt, where it is 

 warmer, male vSparrows assume summer plumage earlier 

 than they do in Lower Egypt. I do not know in what 

 month the material seen by Meinertzhagen was collected. 

 I suspect that his birds were more advanced than those 

 collected by Flower. In full breeding plumage, a male 

 Sparrow from Lower Egypt is most remarkably different 

 from a bird in winter plumage. 



The races P. d. alexandrinns Madarasz, and P. d. chephronsis 

 Phillips, are indistinguishable from niloticus. 



Passer d. niloticus breeds from the coast of the Mediter- 

 ranean to, at least, as far south as Haifa. At Abu Hamed, 

 Berber Province, and Merowe, in Dongola, there occur 

 Sparrows which, except for their slightly shorter wings, are 

 identical with niloticus. At the same places, however, 

 P. d. arboreus occurs, and the examples under discussion 

 are probalily hybrids. 



Passer hispaniolensis hispaniolensis (Temminck). 



cJ. Haifa, Feb. 1921. 



In January 1911 I shot a Spanish Sparrow at Merowe, 

 Dongola Province, and this, the first example recorded from 

 the Sudan, I assign to the typical race. I have lately, 

 through the courtesy of the Government Entomologist of 

 the Wellcome Research Laboratories at Khartoum, been 

 enabled to examine a series of Passer hispaniolensis collected 

 recently in Dongola Province, and these T find to be all of 

 the eastern race P. h. transcaspicm. 



Since my 'Handlist' was published I have identified 

 Egyptian winter-shot examples of this eastern race. 



Emberiza caesia Cretzschmar. 

 S. Sennar, Jan. 1921. 



Serinus leucopygius (Sundevall). 



1 cJ , 2 o . Um Puaba, Kordofan, Dec. 1920. 



Spiloptila damans (Temminck). 



2 o . Um Uuaba, Kordofan, Dec. 1920. 



