12 AMERICAN MARINE CONCIIOLOGY. 



1. 0. saoittatus, Lamarck. Fig. 7. 



{Loligo.) Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat., Paris, xiii. 1709. 

 Loligo illecebrosa, Lesueur, Journ. Pnilad. Acad., ii. 95, plate. 1821. 

 Loligo harpago. Ferussac, Diet. Class. Hist. Nat., iii. 07. 18§3. 

 Loligo Brongniartii, Blainv., Diet. Sc. Nat., xxvii. 142. 1823. 

 Loligo piscatorum, La Pylaie, Ann. Sc. Nat., iv. 319. 1825. 

 Loligo Coindetii, Verany, Mem. Acad. Sc. Torino, t. 1, f. 4. 1837. 



Head large. Bod}' elongate, cylindrical, opaque, fleshy, smooth 

 above and below. Tentacular arms with eight rows of numerous 

 small cups at the extremities. Shell narrow, elongate ; lateral 

 ribs largest; apical cone large. 



This beautiful animal is occasionally seen on all parts of the 

 shore of Massachusetts. But it is especially abundant about 

 sandy shores, as at Cape Cod. At Province-town I have seen them 

 stranded upon the beach at low tide, in great multitudes. Their 

 usual mode of swimming is by dilating their sack-shaped body 

 and filling it with water. The body is then suddenly contracted 

 and the water forcibly ejected, so as to propel them backwards 

 with great rapidity. So swift and straight is their progress that 

 they look like arrows shooting through the water. Whenever 

 the}' strike the shore they commence pumping the water with in- 

 creased violence, while every effort only tends to throw them still 

 further upon the sand, until they are left high and dry. The body 

 is beautifully spotted with colors, which seem to vary with the 

 emotions of the animal. At one rfloment they are a vivid red, at 

 the next a deep blue, violet, brown, or orange. They devour im- 

 mense numbers of small fish, and it is amusing to watch their 

 movements and see how, at a distance of several feet, they will 

 poise themselves, and in an instant, with the rapidity of lightning, 

 the prey is seized in their long arms and instantaneously swal- 

 lowed. They, in their turn, rtre devoured by the larger fishes, and 

 are extensively used for bait in the cod-fishery. (Gould, Invert. 

 Mass.) 



Atlantic Ocean from Newfoundland southwards ; Mediterranean. 



2. 0. Bartramii, Lesueur. Fig. 8. 



{Loligo.) Journ. Philad. Acad., ii. 90, t. 7. 1821. 

 Loligo sagittal us, Blainv., Diet. Sc. Nat., xxvii. 140. 1823. 

 Loligo vitreus, Rang, Mag. Zool. 71, t. 3(1. L£ 

 Otnmastrephes cylindricus,. Orb. Yoy. Am. Merid. .14, t. 3, f. 3, 4. 



