THE AMERICAN 



MONTHLY 



MICROSCOPICAL JOURNAL. 



Vol. X. AUGUST, 1889. No. 8. 



All communications for this Journal, whether relating to business or to editorial 

 matters, and all books, pamphlets, exchanges, etc., shotild be addressed to Ameri- 

 can Monthly Microscopical Journal, Box 630, Washington, D. C. 



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 Triibner &^ Co., 37 Ltidgate Hill, London, or to Mr. IV. P. Collifis, 137 Great 

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The Hetercecismal Pucciniae. 



By HENRY L. BOLLEY, 



LAFAYETTE, IND. 



Of the various orders of the fungi, the Uredineae, or what are com- 

 monly known as the rust parasites, are of present interest to the scientist, 

 in that, in their as yet comparatively unknown life-history, development, 

 and relations to other life, many facts lie still unearthed, and to the 

 agriculturist and horticulturist because the destructive capabilities of 

 these pests are becoming more and more a matter of financial impor- 

 tance. / 



Upon passing through fields of ripening wheat or other of the small 

 grains, one may often be not a little surprised to find that his clothes 

 have become quite thickly besprinkled by a yellowish-brown dust which 

 has fallen from the plants. This is an aggregation of the spores of one 

 of the special forms of what the farmer designates as rust. Whether 

 he regards it as a distinct thing in itself, or as simply a diseased con- 

 dition of the plant tissues arising from the evil effects of bad drainage, 

 want of proper light, or what not, none feels to a greater extent than 

 he its destructive effects upon the yield of the crop. The rusts of the agri- 

 culturists, however, are but representatives of a great order, embracing 

 more than twelve hundred species,* of which it will be the province 

 of this paper to give an outline of the structural development and life- 

 history of but a few species belonging to the division of the Heteroe- 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE. 



Fig. i. Germinating teleutospore of Puccinia spongy parenchyma enclosed by mycelium; c, 



Bolleyana, Sacc, ined., showing promycelium and hyphae protruding from stoma, bearing spermatia 



sporidia. Germinated April 15, 1889. X 600. on their sides ; e, epidermis of host ; f, parenchy- 



Fig. 2. Teleutospores of P. Bolleyana : a,typi- matous cell containing disorganized protoplasm, 



cal form ; b, beginning of germination, showing X 240. 



erosion of cell-wall. X 600 Fig. 4. Sporidia of P. Bolleyana, showing va- 



Fig. 3. Vertical median section of a young fruit rious stages of germination. X 1360. 

 of ^Ecidium Berberidis : a, spore bed or stroma, Fig. 5. Germinating spermatia of iEcidium hep- 

 just preceding the appearance of the basidia ; b, aticarum, grown April 18, 1889. X 1360. 



*Saccardo .Sylloge fungorum, vol. vii, 1888. 



Copyright, 1889, by C. W. Smiley. 



