36 TREATIES. 



Who, after having exchanged their full powers, found in good aud 

 due form have agreed upon and signed the following stipulations: 



Article I. 



It is agreed that, in any part of the Great Ocean, commonly called 

 the Pacific Ocean, or South Sea, the respective citizens or subjects of 

 the high contracting Powers shall be neither disturbed nor restrained, 

 either in navigation or in fishing, or in the power of resorting to the 

 coasts, u])on points Avhich may not already have been occupied, for the 

 purpose of trading with the natives, saving always the restrictions and 

 conditions determined by the following articles. 



AllTICLE II. 



With a view of preventing the rights of navigation and of fishing 

 exercised upon the Great Ocean by the citizens and subjects of the 

 high contracting Powers from becoming the pretext for an illicit trade, 

 it is agreed that the citizens of the United States shall not resort to 

 any point where there is a Eussian establishment, without the permis- 

 sion of the governor or commander; and that, reciprocally, the suljjects 

 of Russia shall not resort, without permission, to any establishment of 

 the United States upon the Northwest coast. 



Article III. 



It is moreover agreed that, hereafter, there shall not be formed by 

 the citizens of the United States, or under the authority of the said 

 States, any establishment upon the northwest coast of America, nor in 

 any of the islands adjacent, to the north of fifty- four degrees and forty 

 minutes of north latitude; and that, in the same manner, there shall be 

 none formed by Pussian subjects, or under the authority of Russia, 

 south of the same parallel. 



Article IV. 



It is, nevertheless, understood that during a term of ten years, count- 

 ing from the signature of the iiresent convention, the ships of both 

 Powers, or Avhich belong to their citizens or subjects respectively, may 

 reciprocally frequent, without any hindrance whatever, the interior seas, 

 gulfs, harl)ors, aud creeks, upon the coast mentioned in the preceding 

 article, for the purpose of fishing and trading with the natives of the 

 country. 



Article Y. 



All spirituous liquors, tire-arms, other arms, powder, and munitions 

 of war of every kind, are always excepted froni this same commerce 

 permitted by the preceding article; and the two Powers engage, recip- 

 rocally, neither to sell, nor sutler them to be sold, to the natives by 

 their respective citizens and subjects, nor by any person who may be 

 under their authority. It is likewise stipidated that this restriction 

 shall never atford a pretext, nor be advanced, in any case, to authorize 

 either search or detention of the vessels, seizure of the merchandise, or, 

 in fine, any measures of constraint whatever towards the merchants or 

 the crews who may carry on this commerce; the high contracting 

 PoAvers recii)roca]ly reserving to themselves to determine uj)on the pen- 



