GREAT BRITAIN AND CANADA. 455 



the formor restrictive measure:^: since w]iir;li time a number ot stat- 

 ntes have been passed to accompbsli the end in view. 



Thus, in 1SS5, "The Sea Fisheries (Scothind) Amendment Act"^ 

 was passed, which conferred upon the Fishery Board of S;50thiud 

 l)ower to make by-laws restrictin.:^ or prohibiting any method of 

 fishing- for sea fish whicli they might deem injurious (subject to the 

 approval of the Home Office), in any part of the sea adjoining Scotland 

 within the fishery hmits of the British Islands. 



In 1888 "The Sea Fislieries Regulation Act"^ for England and Wales 

 was passed, which provided for the establishmentof sea hsheries districts 

 and local fisheries committees and empowered these committees to make 

 by-laws restricting or prohibiting the use of any injurious instrument in 

 taking sea fish, and other rules and regulations. 



"Tlie Herring Fisliery (Scotland) Act, 18S9,"-' empowered the Fishery 

 Board of Scotland to ]>rohibit by appropriate by-laws metliods of fishing 

 known as beam trawling and otter trawling on any pai't of the coast 

 of Scotland within three miles of land, and within any of the bays en- 

 closed by lieadlands specified in a schedule annexed to the at't. Pro- 

 vision^ was also made in Section 7 extending the authority of the Board 

 over a section of the sea lying within a line drawn from Duncansby Head 

 in Caithness to Rattray Point in Aberdeenshire. 



A similar provision occurs in "The Steam Trawling (Ireland) Act, 

 188!>,"^ which empowers the Inspectorsof Irish Fisheries to makeby-laws 

 prohibitingbeain trawling or otter trawling, "within three mile-; of low- 

 water mark of any part of the coast of Ireland, or within the waters of 

 any other defined areas specified in any such by-law." 



III. An elaborate system of licenses to restrict and regulate the kill- 

 ing of game, birds, and fish has been in vogue in the United Kingdo'n 

 for a long time past. Thus, under the Eaglis]i (lame Acts,-^ an excise 

 license is required before any person (other than the owner) can legally 

 kill deer or any other game with certain limited exceptions. (Jther 

 statutes restrict tlie killing of game even further. Thus no one is per- 

 mitted in England to Icill hares, except an occupier of land, and one 

 other person authorized by him in writing." 



Under the "Gun License Act,"^ a license is required before any per- 

 son can use or carry a gun for any purpose. 



An elaborate system of licenses is also in operation regulating the 

 selling of game, and under it penalties are imposed upon all persons 

 who sell game without a license, or who shall sell to a dealer not licensed, 

 or who buy game from an unlicensed dealer.*^ 



"The Freshwater Fisheries Act, 1878,"^ authorizes the Boards of Fish 

 Conservators to issue licenses, by the day, week, season, or part thereof, 

 to take salmon, trout, or char. Similar authority to issue fishing licenses 

 is conferred upon the Minister of Marine and Fisheries of the Dominion 

 of Canada, by the Revised Statutes of that country.'" The license sys- 

 tem in the case of other fish has proved to be so successful that a bill 

 has just been introduced into the Dominion ^^arliament to place the 



1 48 and 49 Vict., c. 70, Sec. 4. 



251 and 52 Vict., c. 54, Sees. 1, 2. 



352 and 53 Viot. ,c. 23, Sees. 6, 7. 



■*52 and 53 Vict., c. 74, Sec. 3. 



n aud 2 Wm. IV, c. 32; 23 and 24 Vict. c. 90. 



m and 12 Vict., c. 29, Sec. 2. 



'33 and 34 Vict., c. 57. 



«1 and 2 Wm. IV, c. 32, Sees. 25, 27. 



'*41 and 42 Vict., c. 3i», Sec. 7, and acts cited therein. 



'0 C. 95, Sec. 4. 



