CHERMES HIMALATENSIS ON THE SPEUCE AND SILVEB FIR. 



103 



For convenience of comparison, I give below the Table drawn up for the various 

 generations of the European insect, Chermes virldis. It is taken from Bunion's paper 

 on the " Pine-apple Gall of the Spruce " : — 



1st 

 year. 



Primary Host : 

 Picea. 



(" Hibernate. 



T r, I Cause galls. 



1. -PUNDATRICES . . -> ,„. , D 



\\ ingloss. 



II. Alat^; . . . . . 

 Non-Migrantes. 



I All ?. 



Larva? inhabit galls. 

 Adults winged. 

 All 2. 



Migrantes. 



I 



Intermediate Host : 

 LarLv (or Pimis, or Abies). 



I 

 I. Fundatrices (as before). 



III. Col.OKICI 



2nd 

 year. 



i' Hibernate. 

 Cause no gall. 

 Wingless. 

 .AH ?• 



Larva? live on the needles. 

 Cause no gall. 

 All $. 



IV. Sexupar^;. 

 Adults winged. 



f Wingless. 

 V. Sexttales . . < Cause no gall. 

 [ 6 & 2 ■ 



ExSULES. 



Adults winglc 



I 

 Exsui.es. 



II. Alam (as before). 



I 

 Non-Migrantes. Migrantes. 



-To Larix 

 as before. 



I. Fundatrices. 



I. Fundatrices. 



II. Chermes himalayensis on the Spruce. 



Nature of Attack. 



The Chermes feeds on the sap of the twigs and new buds of the year, preventing the 

 development of the needles of the latter, which coalesce and form a small fir-cone-like 

 gall or pseudo-cone. These galls are at times exceedingly numerous on the trees and 

 not unlikely account for the scraggy appearance of many young trees, whose crown 



