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XI. Synagoga mira, a Crustacean of the Order Ascothoracica. 

 By Canon A. M. Norman, M.A., D.C.L., LL.D., F.R.S., F.L.S. 



(Plates 33-35.) 

 Read 20th June, 1912. 



PROF. DE LACAZE-DUTHIERS published in 1882 a monograph of a small and 

 remarkable Crustacean which he found off tbe Algerian coast, parasitic upon a new 

 Antipatharian which he named Gerardia. This parasite he called Laura gerar dice * . 



This Crustacean was covered by the polypes of Gerardice, except a very small opening 

 on the dorsal margin. It was contained in a Cyp?-is-\ike sheath formed by two very 

 large valves, which were five or six times the length of the body itself. Lacaze- 

 Duthiers bred the young and assigned the species to the Cirripedia, establishing for it a 

 new group which he styled " Ascothoracidce ou Rhizothoracidee" the former of which 

 names has since been generally adopted. 



Since the publication of Lacaze-Duthiers' admirable and exhaustive monograph five 

 more species of the group have been discovered : — 



1. I briefly noticed a species, which is the subject of the present paper, in the 



Report of the British Association 1887 (1888), p. S6. 



2. Dr. G. H. Herbert Fowler f described a curious Crustacean parasite which 



he found in a specimen of the coral Bathyactis symmetrica which had 

 been dredged by the 'Challenger' in the Pacific Ocean in lat. 35° 41' N., 

 long. 157° 42' E., in the great depth of 2300 fathoms. 



3. Mr. N. Knipowitsch % found a species in the White Sea inhabiting the two 



Echinodermata Echinaster sarsii and Solaster papposus ; this species he named 

 Dendrogaster astericola. 



4. M. Otto le Roi § has described two additional species of Dendrogaster — the one 



D. arborescens from IHpsacaster sladeni, Alcock, the Cape ; and D. ludvigi from 



Echinaster fallax , Mull. & Trosch., the Philippines. 

 Monsieur A. Gravel, in his 'Monograph des Cirrhipedes ou Thecostraces,' 1905, 

 instituted a distinct order Ascothoracica to receive these forms and has made each of 

 them a type of a new family — Synagogidce, Lauridce, Petrarcida?, Dendrogasteridce. 



* " Histoire de la Laura gerardiaz. Type nouveau de Crustace Parasite, 1S82." (Extract of vol. xlii. Hemoires de 

 l'Acad. des Sei.) — Archives Zoologie Experimentale et Gene'rale, ser. 3, vol. i. Notes et Revue, p. xix. — A. Gruvel, 

 Monog. des Cirrhipedes ou Thecostraces, 1905, p. 338. 



t G. Herbert Fowler, " A remarkable Crustacean Parasite, and its Bearing on the Phylogeny of the Entoraostraca," 

 Quart. Journ. Micr. Sci., July 1889. — A. Gruvel, Monog. des Cirrhipedes ou Thecostraces, 1905, p. 342. 



t Knipowitsch, N., Biolog. Centralblatt, vol. x., 1890-1891, p. 707 ; Arch, de Zool. Experimentale et Ge'ne'rale, 

 ser. 3, vol. i. 1893, Notes et Revue, p. xvii. — A. Gruvel, Monog. des Cirrhipedes ou Thecostraces, 1905, p. 345. 



§ Otto le Roi, " Zwei neue parasitische Cirripedien aus der Gruppe der Ascothoracida, : ' Zoologischen Anzeiger, 

 Bd. xxix. Nr. 12, Sept. 19, 1905. 



SECOND SERIES. — ZOOLOGY, VOL. XI. 25 



