1S2 DE. A. D. 1MMS ON 



7. The Newly Hatched Larva. 

 The newly batched larva is entirely white, with the exception of the eyes, which 

 appear as a pair of purple-brown dots, and the brown strongly chitinised edges of the 

 mandibles. On one occasion the larva was observed in the act of emerging from the 

 egg. It issues head foremost and forces open the operculum, which remains attached 

 along a small portion of its periphery to the remainder of the chorion (PL 38. fig. 12). 

 In total length the newly hatched larva varies between 1*6 and 1'8 mm., the measure- 

 ments being taken from the apex of the labrum to the extremity of the last abdominal 

 tergite. It is a relatively specialised example of the Campodeiform type of larva, 

 and exhibits no primitive features in its organisation which do not also occur in 

 the female imago. The head, thorax, and abdomen are related in length in the 

 proportion of 5:4:7 respectively. The most striking feature in the external mor- 

 phology of the young larva is the relatively great size of the head ; it is ovoid, and 

 exceeds the thorax both in length and diameter (PI. 37. fig. 7). The head, body, and 

 appendages are clothed with rather long thinly-distributed hairs. The antennae are 

 9-jointed, and as long as or a little longer than the abdomen. The thoracic segments 

 are extremely simple in character, and are much shorter in proportion to their breadth 

 than in the adult. There is no marked indication of the transverse suture of the pro- 

 thorax, which is a prominent feature in the adult insect. The legs are remarkably 

 large, and the hind pair when extended backwards reach to a little beyond the apex of 

 the abdomen. They differ very little in form from those of the adult, both the enlarged 

 first joint of the fore tarsi and the swollen hind femora being evident. The abdomen 

 consists of nine apparent segments, the ninth and tenth segments not being completely 

 differentiated from one another. The cerci are two-jointed ; the basal joint is very 

 small and annular, and measures only one-eighth of the length of the second joint. The 

 larvae are all similar to each other, no external traces of sexual differentiation being 

 noticeable. When removed from the protection of the parent, the young larvae were 

 observed to weave delicate tunnels within a few hours after emergence from the egg. 



8. The Second-Stage Larva. 



In larvae measuring from 3-3 - 5 mm. in length, certain differences are noticeable, and 

 by which they are readily distinguished from the newly batched larva. At this stage in 

 post-embryonic development the larva was from 21-23 days old. It is pale pinkish 

 brown in colour, with the head and the margins of the thoracic and abdominal segments 

 somewhat darker. The ajmendages and the whole of the ventral surface of the animal 

 are pale and very little pigmented. The head no longer dominates the rest of the body, 

 it being shorter than the thorax. The antennae are 12-jointed, shorter in length than 

 the abdomen, and only a very little longer than the thorax. The thorax has increased 

 very much in length, and the transverse suture of the prothorax is completely formed. 

 The head, thorax, and abdomen are mutually related in length in the proportion of 

 5:7: 10. The legs have grown comparatively little, and the posterior pair when ex- 

 tended can no longer reach to the apex of the abdomen. There are ten evident abdominal 



