132 FOUNDERS OF OCEANOGRAPHY 



I only desire to add that our time was not wholly, nor even 

 mostly, taken up with these festivities, magnificent and 

 worthy of the occasion though they were. These were 

 evening functions, but the days were largely occupied with 

 serious scientific conferences, as they were called, committees 

 of oceanographers discussing physical and biological problems 

 of the sea and plans for future work — all of which were put 

 an end to a few years later by the outbreak of war. 



The establishment at Monaco, which serves as a centre of 

 oceanographic research for the southern nations of Europe, 

 is to be congratulated on the fact that work at sea — so far as 

 the Mediterranean is concerned — is now being resumed. A 

 meeting of the " Commission Internationale pour I'Explora- 

 tion Scientifique de la Mer Mediterranee " took place at 

 Madrid in November, 1919, under the presidency of the 

 Prince of Monaco, when a programme of work was drawn up, 

 and spheres of operations were allocated to different countries. 



The oceanographical museum at Monaco is, however, only 

 one part of the foundation which the Prince has laid for the 

 study of the sea. With the object of arousing interest in 

 scientific marine studies in France, the Prince started a 

 series of lectures at the Sorbonne in 1903, and in 1906 he 

 gave permanence to these studies by endowing them and 

 presenting to the French nation a building specially devoted 

 to university instruction in oceanography. In connection 

 with this "Institut" at Paris three prof essorships have been 

 estabhshed, one of physical oceanography, one of biological 

 oceanography and the third of the physiology of marine 

 life. As one of the inaugural addresses stated : — 



" By his researches the Prince of Monaco has won for 

 himself a place in the foremost rank of men of science, and 

 by enshrining the results in the monumental buUdings 

 at Monaco and Paris he has invested his labours with 

 permanent value for all time." 



It has been said in France of the two oceanographic 

 institutions that, "the factory is at Monaco, the sale-room at 



