CHAPTER II 



OCEANIC DePOSITS AND BOTTOM FaUNA 



The classical account of oceanic deposits is that by Murray 

 and Renard in the Report of the Scientific Results of the 

 Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, published in 1891. On this 

 report the following synopsis is mainly based, with allowances 

 for the results of more récent investigations. Murray's classi- 

 fication, which was based not only on the material collected 

 by the Challenger, but also on the observations of the Gazelle, 

 Blake, Alhatross, and other expéditions, is as follows : 



Marine Deposits. 



TA. 



Dcep-sea deposits (bc 

 yond 100 fathom < 

 line) 



IB. 



Shallow water deposit 



(low-water mark to 100 -| Gravels 

 fathoms) [ Muds 



Littoral deposits (between [ 

 high and low-water - Ditto 

 marks) [ 



Red clay 

 Radiolariau ooze 

 Diatom ooze 

 Globigerina ooze 

 Pteropod ooze 

 Blue mud 

 Red mud 

 Green mud 

 Volcanic mud 

 Coral mud 

 rSands 



Pélagie deposits in 

 deep water remote 

 from land. 



Terrigenous deposits 

 in deep and shallow 

 water close to land. 



Another scheme of classification divides the oceanic 

 deposits into three main groups according to the origin of 

 the constituents of the deposit : 



23 



