Page 827 miscellaneous 916 



bridge is available. If not, he must obtain it locally or from the District Office of the U. S. Corps of 

 Engineers. 



BUNKERING. — This refers to water, coal, fuel oil, Diesel oil, and gasoline. The information 

 given should describe facilities, quantities available, and the rate of putting on board ship. State 

 whether a ship is bunkered while at anchor or alongside a wharf. Much of this information is contained 

 in the Port Series. State also facilities for putting gasoline on boats; tank, drums, float, wharf, or 

 truck. This is particularly important at isolated places. Oit barges are maintained at some localities 

 for part of the year, and at some, gasoline is piped to landing floats used by launches, etc. Where 

 there are facilities of this kind, they should be described. 



BUOYS. — Their appearance or location should not be described in too much detail, as these are 

 subject to change. It is usually sufficient to say that "The north end of the shoal is marked by a 

 buoy." No more detail should be given in the description than is of actual value. Necessary details 

 are given on the charts and in the Light Lists. If a description is considered necessary, use the 

 nomenclature in 917. 



The numbers of buoys should not be given, except where necessary, as occasionally in writing 

 Directions. 



Depths at buoys should not be given except for a special purpose. 



If buoys are reported to tow under at times, the navigator should be warned, and in some cases 

 the conditions may be described, as spring tide or freshet. 



Locally maintained buoys may not be dependable. They may vary in this respect from year to 

 year, and so it is usually sufficient to say that "The channel is marked during the summer season by 

 locally maintained buoys," without further comment. (See Aids to navigation.) 



In some localities the type of buoy is changed during the winter season when they are endangered 

 by ice. Where this is the case explain, but avoid being too definite, and avoid definite dates except 

 where given in the Light Lists. 



Mooring buoys are maintained in some harbors by port authorities or steamship companies. 

 The general locations of these should be given, with necessary information as to their use, and whether 

 charges are made. 



If a yacht club maintains moorings for the use of visiting yachts, mention that fact, omitting 

 detail subject to change. 



Seaplane landing areas, torpedo ranges, etc., may be marked by buoys. In these cases, the gen- 

 eral location, with a statement as to whether the buoys are lighted or not, and any rules affecting 

 navigation should be given. 



At some wharves onshore winds and seas are such that one or more buoys are maintained for 

 laying off the wharf or for hauling off. If this condition exists, it should be described in detail, with 

 such explanation of the dangers and ways of avoiding them as may be warranted. If conditions 

 sometimes require the use of an anchor when going alongside, it should be noted, and the reason should 

 be given. 



Cargo is often discharged and received by vessels lying at a mooring or at anchor. If moorings 

 are maintained for this purpose, describe them and their use, describing any conditions that may be 

 dangerous, such as sudden changes of weather, sea from a certain direction, etc. 



BUSH STAKES. — If used by local people to mark channels, that fact should be mentioned in 

 the Pilot, but details must be avoided. 



CANALS. — Describe location and approaches. Give the controlling depth and width, and state 

 whether they are maintained or subject to change. Give the available length of each lock, capacity 

 of locks, depth over sills, controlling vertical clearance under overhead structures, passing points, 

 tie-up points, local contractions, variations of surface elevation, period open to navigation, toll charges, 

 signals, and regulations governing operation. Also describe any currents, special anchorage basins 

 provided, special aids to navigation, and special publications issued by canal authorities. 



It is important to have the detailed description of a canal in one place, and only one place, in the 

 text. If the same canal is referred to in other places in the text, do not give any details which will 

 require constant correction in the Supplements. Use cross-references freely in such cases. (See 

 9135B(4).) 



CANNERY LAUNCH WAYS. — Mention in the text the location of any in isolated regions, 

 giving the capacity, if available. 



CAPITALIZATION. — Where such words as cape, point, island, etc., are used with a name, the 

 initial letter should be capitalized. Thus, Montauk Point, Mt. Desert Island, Cape Cod, Point 

 Conception, Gulf of Mexico. (See 917.) 



