916 HYDROGRAPHIC MANUAL PaGE 838 



If the use of apparently suitable ranges is not recommended because of local attraction, or for 

 other reasons, the condition should be described in the text. 



Describe ranges in use by jiilots and the means of identifying them. Suggest other ranges that 

 will be useful. Give ranges to clear dangers, if available. (See Aids to navigation.) 



REEF. — A reef is a rocky or coral elevation dangerous to surface navigation, which may or 

 may not be exposed at the chart datum. A rocky reef is always detached from shore, while a coral 

 reef may or may not be connected with the shore. It is important that the stage of tide be given at 

 which a reef bares or breaks. The area that bares at the chart datum may be estimated, and a 

 statement may be made that it bares so many feet at that plane. Peculiarities, such as light 

 effect, etc., should be included. (See Dangers, inshore.) 



RELIEF STATIONS, PUBLIC HEALTH.— Give locations of these in the text, and prepare 

 lists for the appendix according to class. 



REPAIR YARDS, ETC. — In addition to the information given in the text and in the appendix 

 for the larger marine railways and drydocks at each port (see Marine railways), it is desirable to 

 describe in the text, under the port name, special facilities for repairing small vessels. The maximum 

 sizes that can be accommodated should be given, including the length, depth forward and aft, tonnage, 

 and often a statement of the draft that can be taken to the dock. It is important to state if machine 

 shops are available, and whether they are equipped for more than minor repairs to small boats. State 

 if supplies are available at repair yard. 



REPORTS. — When it is impossible to verify them, important corrections should be entered as 

 reports. In some cases the source and date of the report should be given. 



RIVERS. — Give controlling depths and the class of vessels which can enter, upstream limit of 

 tide, depth on bars and permanency of channel, strength of current, anchorages, effect of freshets, 

 distance to head of navigation for steamers and other craft. State whether water is fresh and suitable 

 for boilers. Give Directions, and information necessary or of value to the navigator. If channel is 

 very well marked, a statement to "follow the aids to navigation" may be nearly all the Directions 

 required. (See Channels.) 



ROUTES. — Reviser should ascertain and report the routes generally followed by vessels of 

 various classes, powers, and sizes. These routes should be described in Chapter 3 of the Coast Pilot. 



RULES OF THE ROAD.— Do not publish these— they are issued free of charge by the U. S. 

 Coast Guard. Where special rules apply, describe the condition with as much detail as warranted. 



SALVAGE GEAR. — If available, give the type and radius of action. If there are tugs, diving 

 gear, etc., a general statement should include that information. 



SEAPLANE LANDING AREAS. — In some harbors certain areas are reserved for seaplane 

 landing. The use of these areas by shipping is restricted. This should be described in the Coast 

 Pilot according to the importance of the area and the permanence of the regulations. (See Landing 

 fields.^ 



SEAPLANE RUNWAYS. — Obtain location of them and note facilities, such as gas for launches, 

 supplies, etc. Publish any special rules or regulations of a permanent nature affecting navigation. 

 Usually a caution note will be sufficient. 



SHOALS. — The term shoal should be limited to a detached area which constitutes a danger to 

 surface navigation. A detached area whose least depth is such that it is not a danger to navigation 

 should be called a bank. (See also 1682.) 



A series or group of shoals should be considered together; the description should be generalized, 

 avoiding specific mention of each shoal spot unless there is a very definite reason for it. Isolated 

 shoals, the outer part of a general shoal area, or an especially dangerous part may be considered among 

 the exceptions. In describing shoals, there is no need to repeat information clearly shown on the 

 charts, except to mention it in a general manner or as a caution to the navigator. Describe light 

 effects, if any. Describe local phenomena, such as jellyfish shoals. (See Kelp.) 



SHORE. — The term shore refers to the narrow zone of land fronting any body of water, except 

 rivers. Describe, giving characteristics, such as height, color, wooded, sandy, cultivated, bold. 

 Also give the appearance from seaward of land, points, islands, and rocks. This kind of information 

 should be very carefully evaluated as to its value to the navigator and should not be given unless it 

 has such value. 



SIGNALS, SPECIAL. — This refers to such signals as those for a doctor, a fireboat, pohce, etc. 

 Where these are used, describe them. 



SILENT ZONES.— (See Fog signals.) 



