Ch. 18] REFERENCES 333 



practicable before the channel stabilization. It is not yet apparent 

 how confinement of overbank floods by the levees will influence chan- 

 nel control (Hathaway, 1948). 



Other Rivers 



There are many other important channel-control projects, but the 

 Mississippi, Ohio, and Missouri river projects illustrate most of the 

 problems and methods on large American rivers. A great deal of 

 dredging and other work is done to improve and maintain navigation 

 channels in the lower courses of Atlantic and Gulf Coast rivers (Boggs, 

 1929; Hathaway, 1948; U. S. Dept. of Army, 1948). An important 

 canalized waterway is maintained on parts of the Tombigbee and 

 Warrior rivers in Alabama (U. S. Dept. of Army, 1948, pp. 977-984) . 

 The canalized Illinois River and connecting canal to Lake Michigan 

 provide an important navigable route from the Great Lakes to the 

 Mississippi system (Smith, 1933; U. S. Dept. of Army, 1948, pp. 2281- 

 2294) . Channel-control works are important on several sections of the 

 Rio Grande; they are partly involved in stabilization of the inter- 

 national boundary with Mexico (Lawson, 1937) and partly involved 

 in serious local flood-control problems aggravated by heavy sediment 

 loads and river aggradation (Fiock, 1934; Stevens, 1938; Happ, 1948; 

 U. S. Dept. of Army, 1948, pp. 1341-1342). Improvement of the 

 Columbia River and tributaries for navigation, in connection with 

 large power and flood-control dams and irrigation developments, is now 

 in a very active stage (Tudor, 1945; IT. S. Dept. of Army, 1948, pp. 

 2676-2720) . Channel improvement on the Sacramento River in Cali- 

 fornia involves both navigation and flood-control interests and is in- 

 terrelated with irrigation developments and the extreme sedimentation 

 problem resulting from early hydraulic mining in the Sierra Nevada 

 gold fields (Gilbert, 1917; Grunsky, 1929; Robertson, 1942; U. S. 

 Dept. of Army, 1948, pp. 2620-2625, 2657-2659, 2979-2996) . In the 

 Los Angeles area severe local flood problems are concerned with main- 

 tenance and improvement of stream channels across alluvial fans 

 where aggradation is the natural condition (Mathias, 1941 ; U. S. Dept. 

 of Army, 1948, pp. 2523-2545) . Stream-bed retrogression as a result 

 of sediment detention in Lake Mead is a major factor in channel con- 

 trol on the lower Colorado River (Stevens, 1938; Stanley, 1948). 



REFERENCES 



Boggs, F. C. (1929). The Delaware River from Philadelphia to the sea: Trans. 

 Amer. Soc. Civ. Engrs., vol. 93, pp. 218-261. 



