834 



riginal forest ground, and seldom in woods or copses, excepting 

 around their borders or a short distance within them, where it has 

 crept from the enclosing hedge- fence, by means of the stools or suckers 

 which this species so abundantly sends up, and which are the great 

 instruments of its propagation, the seed being seldom perfected here, 

 though plentifully enough produced. True it is, that it may some- 

 times be seen forming woods by itself, but such woods are for the 

 most part narrow slips, or small angular patches of copse between 

 hedgerows, called here rews (quasi rows), the elms in which were 

 either originally planted, or have arisen from the stools of the trees 

 standing in the hedges without. Such is the origin apparently of the 

 Elm Close Copse, by St. John's, Ryde ; Woods near Park farm, Net- 

 tlestone ; Breaches Copse, behind WhiteclifT Bay ; Bush Rew, by 

 Mottiston, betwixt the church and the sea ; all of which are mainly 

 composed of U. suberosa. Abundant along the crest of the rocky 

 precipice overhanging Cowpit Cliff and Hatchet Close woods, where 

 it has more of an indigenous aspect than 1 have anywhere seen it 

 besides. The samara in all the specimens I have examined is per- 

 fectly smooth on the margin, or destitute of cilia. The Dutch elm 

 (Z7. major of Smith) sometimes seen in parks and pleasure-grounds, 

 seems to me a variety of U. suberosa, with larger leaves. The bark 

 in old trees of U. suberosa is very deeply chapped or rifted, and in 

 young ones the branches are winged with a corky excrescence, as in 

 the field Maple {Acer campestre). A tree sometimes of enormous 

 magnitude, of which in this island — not remarkable for the size of 

 the timber it grows — many very fine specimens may be seen at Quarr, 

 Nettlestone, &c. 



Ulmns glabra. In woods, hedges and copses, occasionally ; truly 

 wild, but scarcely more, probably, than a variety of the following. 



Var. a. Leaves lanceolate, smoothish and shining above, quite gla- 

 brous beneath. A large tree near the entrance of Centurion's Copse, 

 by Brading. 



Var. (3. Branches upright ; leaves ovato-lanceolate, evenly downy 

 beneath, pubescent but not rough above, and somewhat shining. In 

 Bloodstone Copse, near Ashey farm ; plentiful. 



Var. y. (latifolia, Bab. Man. ?). Leaves large, remarkably smooth 

 and shining ; branches drooping. In the farmyard of Apse, near 

 Shanklin, a noble tree, but whether wild or planted I know not. The 

 fruit smaller than in U. montana, nearly circular and cloven almost to 

 the seed. This is, I have no doubt, the U. glabra y. latifolia of Lind- 



