877 



curs as a weak, unbranched plant, but here it had assumed a height 

 and magnitude rivalling that of Onopordum Aeanthium. Equally 

 plentiful and luxuriant on the side of the road between Conway and 

 Aber, parallel with the railway. In both cases doubtless seeds lying 

 dormant beneath the ground had been turned up by the road opera- 

 tions, and on the fresh, rank soil had grown gigantic accordingly. 



Silybum marianum. A colony of the " holy thistle," tall and rank, 

 was flourishing on the rubbish of the lower abandoned mine at Llan- 

 dudno ; one of those gypsey plants that never stay long in a place. 



Cycliorium Intybus. On the borders of new cultivated ground ex- 

 cessively abundant at Llandudno, but not, I think, indicating a lime- 

 stone soil, as Mr. Bennett suggests, for on the limestone itself I did 

 not observe a single plant. 



Tragopogon minor. On the turf near the beach ; and I notice this 

 to remark that the pratensis, as characterized, does not occur. 



Helminthia echioides. Plentiful about Eglws Rhos. 



Lactuca muralis. On the shady side of Cadir-y-Nain. Unnoticed 

 by Da^s. 



Hiei Hum borea 1n In a moist dingle of the Orme's Head, and 

 more plentiful in a ui p lane leading from Bryn Gosol farm. 



Ligustrum vulgare. On the same limestone ledges as the Cotone- 

 aster. Mr. Babington in his Manual only gives " Thickets in the 

 south of England," as if its range was thus restricted ; but I have ob- 

 served it as generally occurring on the sea cliffs both of North and 

 South Wales. Yet, like other berried shrubs, it is no doubt much 

 dispersed by birds. 



Chlora perfoliata. More abundant than I ever before observed it 

 all about the sides and base of Bryn Maelgwyn, where the limestone 

 is disturbed by the intrusion of igneous rocks. Not in Anglesea. 



Erytltrcea pulcJiella and laiifolia. The former both at Llandudno 

 and Barmouth, the latter at Barmouth only. 



Gentiana Amarella. Abundant on the declivities of the Orme's 

 Head and Bryn Maelgwyn. Equally plentiful at Barmouth. Yet 

 Davies says " very rare " in Anglesea. 



Convolvulus Soldanella. Shores of Conway Bay. 



Echium vulgare. Excessively abundant on the edge of Llandudno 

 beach. 



Solarium Dulcamara. Shore of the Conway — perhaps the y. ma- 

 ritium referred to in Mr. Babington's Manual. 



Hyoscyamus niger. Plentiful about the base of the Little Orme's 

 Head. Phillips told me he had gathered quantities of it here for a 



