In 1942 a marine observatory was established in Hakodate, Hokkaido, 

 in addition to the Kobe Marine Observatory, whose activities were 

 already described. The first director was Dr. Mashito Nakano, who was 

 afterwards transferred to the Central Meteorological Observatory, Tokvo, 

 in 1947. 



As soon as Nakano arrived at his new post in. Hakodate he planned 

 the oceanic researches of the Tsugaru Straits between Japan Proper and 

 Hokkaido, Volcanic Bay, and so forth, nearly all these plans having been 

 realized up to the present. He also collected information on sea ice 

 in the Okhotsk and adjacent sea with some results. 



As soon as the war came to an end two more marine obser\'atories 

 were added, one being installed in Nagasaki under the directorship of Dr . 

 M. Uda, and the other at Maizuru, on the Japan sea coast, under the 

 directorship of Dr. D. Nishimura. Thus there are in all five marine 

 organizations belonging to the Central Meteorological Observatory. 



At the end of 1943 the investigation on the relationship between the 

 propagation of acoustic waves through sea-water and the hydrographic 

 conditions was carried out by the members of the 'Central Meteorological 

 Observatory, Tokyo. The experiments were carried out in Enoura Bay, 

 near Numazu, and in lakes, with some reasonable results. Afterwards the 

 field-work was chiefly carried out by Y. Takenouti, who constructed the 

 distribution maps of acoustic audibility in the adjacent seas of Japan. 

 The Kobe Marine Observatory also took part in this work, Y. Matsudaira 

 and Yukimasa Saito being the chief personnel engaged in the practical 

 work. 



The surf prediction was also studied in the Central Meteorological 

 Observatory, on the principle that surfs depend upon the winds and 

 coastal configuration, the observations being carried out in several 

 coasts from 1943 on, mainly near Tokyo. The results were, however, 

 not complete before the end of the war. The observations were made 

 by the members of the Marine Section of the Obser\'ator3-, the results 

 being studied by Y. Takenouti, N. Watanabe, and other collaborators. 



Y. Miyake in 1944 published an investigation on the bubbles of sea- 

 water, showing that the salinit}^ increases the stabihty of bubbles — that 

 is, bubbles are apt to persist in a Salter water than in a fresher. He now 

 directs a tiny marine station at Jogashima Island, at the mouth of the 

 Tokyo Bay, chemical oceanography being the main contribution. 



Mashito Nakano, who was in the Central Meteorological Observatory-, 

 Tokyo, published in 1939 a research on the secondary undulations of 

 tides caused by cyclonic storms. He also explained the short-period sea- 

 level fluctuations (one to three minutes) as a sort of sweU emitted from 

 the centres of these depressions. He published a monograph on tidal 

 prediction in 1940. 



In 1942 he was appointed the Director of the new!}' built Hakodate 

 Marine Observatory. 



Nakano has long been engaged in an intensive research on the effect 

 of prevailing winds upon the depth of bays. This investigation is still 

 continued, the seventh report having appeared in 1947. This year he 

 was called back to Tokyo and worked at the Marine Section of the Central 

 Meteorological Observatory in charge of tidal and oceanic researches. 



In the same 3''ear he also published a remark on the paper of 

 J. Goldberg on the computation of free oscillations in bays. 



199 



