6. Seasonal changes in wind direction create very complex conditions 

 in the upper water layers, but seasonal changes extend only to a depth 

 between 100 and 200 metres. 



7. The deep water of the Sulu Sea below a depth of 800 metres is 

 extremely uniform in temperautre and chemical composition. There is 

 an adiabatic increase in temperature toward the bottom. 



Bibliography 



Brennecke, W. (1915) : Ozeanographische arbeiten S.M.S. Planet im Westlichen 



Stillen Ozean 1912-1913. Ann. Hydrog., v. 43, 145-158. 

 Deacon, G. E. R. (1937) : The Hydrology of the Southern Ocean. Discovery 



Reports, v. 15, p. 1-124, plates I-XLIV, 1937. Cambridge Univ. Press, 



London. 

 Leipper, D.A.LE, and William Wood (1947) : Temperature and Salinity of 



Philippine Waters. Scripps Inst. Oceanography. Oceanographic Report No. 4, 



47 pp. (mimeographed). 

 ScHOTT, G. (1914). : Adiabatishce Temperaturanderung in grossen Meerestiefen. 



Ann. d. Hydrogr. u. Mar. Meteorol., p. 321-340. 

 Selga, M. (1931a) : Windroses of Ideal Marine Stations In and Near the Philippines. 



Pub. Manila Observatory, v. 3, no. 2. 35-57. 

 (1931b) : Sea Surface Temperatures in the Philippines. Ibid., No. 3. 



59-139. 

 — (1931c) : Variation of the Temperature of the Sea With Depth in the 



Philippines. Ibid., No. 4. 141-153. 



(1931d) : Observations of the Salinit)- of the Sea in the Philippines. Ibid., 



No. 5. 155-165. 



(1931e) : The Deeps of the Philippines. Ibid., No. 8. 185-195. 



SvERDRUP, H. U. ; Johnson, M. W. ; and Fleming, R. H. (1942) : The Oceans. 



1,087 pp. New York. 

 Thomsen, H. (1935) : Entstehung and Verbreitung einiger charakteristischer 



Wassermassen in dem Indischen und sudlichen Paziiischen Ozean. Ann. d. 



Hydrogr. u. Mar. Meteorl., p. 293-305. 

 Van Riel, P. M.- (1934) : The Bottom Configuration in Relation to the Flow of 



the Bottom Water. Snellius Exped. -in the eastern pari of the Netherlands East 



Indies 1929-1930, v. 2, ch. 2, Oceanography, 63 pp. 

 WiisT, G. (1929): Schichtung und Tiefenzirkulation des Pazifischen Ozeans. Berlin 



Univ. Institiit f. Meereskunde, N. F., A. Geogra. -nafu-rwiss. Reihe, Heft 20, 



63 pp. 



Summary of Discussion 



Dr. Graham emphasized that he would welcome contacts with any other 

 oceanographers outside Manila, and that any suggestions as to data or 

 interpretation of data would be most helpful. Dr. Bruun compared the 

 relation of the Sulu Sea to adjacent waters, with that of the Mediter- 

 ranean to the iVtlantic. He suggested that further examination be made 

 of the animal life, at greater depths if possible. He discussed bathy- 

 pelagic hauls and the temperature factor in deep waters. The deep 

 water of the Mediterranean was too warm, but it was suggested that in 

 the Sulu Sea the larvae might occupy surface waters and the adults the 

 colder depths. Deep-sea angler fishes and the deep-sea eel family were 

 cited. 



Dr. Hubbs pointed out that at the Fourth Congress a special province 

 liad been estabUshed for the areas of deep water. There was a great 

 uniformity of temperature in the great depths, and a high degree of 

 endemism in the bottom fishes. In the Macrourid group thirty new 



261 



