60 EIGHTH PACIFIC SCIENCE CONGRESS 



Coriolis forces and horizontal and vertical mixing into account. For the 

 values of mixing coefficients generally accepted, the velocity of upwell- 

 ing was computed at about 80 meters per month for the wind speed 

 5-6 m/s and the latitude 30°N, thus coinciding closely with observa- 

 tions and former estimates. He also showed that the most intense up- 

 welling will occur when the wind makes an angle 21-5° with the coast 

 line in an offshore direction. The horizontal motion involved in this 

 circulation can be considered to form a part of the coastal or long- 

 shore currents much debated recently (Technical Report, Department 

 of Oceanography, Texas A. & M., 1953). 



In 1950 T. Ichiye, discussing the wind-driven currents produced by 

 a circular wind system, could show that the upwelling must take place 

 in deeper layers even in an open ocean (OM, 2, 1950). 



Yukimasa Saito published a simple method of computing the ver- 

 tical velocity of water from the displacement of isophonals. This meth- 

 od will be very useful when the distribution of density is given at a 

 certain interval of time. He applied his method to the upwelling off 

 Southern California and obtained the velocity of upwelling 2.55 m/day 

 or about 80 m/month (JIPOCU, 2, B, 1951, 1-4). 



Tides and Tidal Currents 



N. Okamoto, Masamori Miyazaki, and H. Yoshizawa succeeded in 

 obtaining four principal components of tidal currents from fortnightly 

 observations in June, 1951, by Ono's recording current meter working 

 on the No. 2 Buoy in the Osaka Harbor (KH, 2, 1952, 29-34). 



Masamori Miyazaki obtained the tidal harmonic constants for Kobe 

 and Sumoto by the Tidal Institute Method of A. T. Doodson (KH, 2, 

 1951, 21-24). 



Z. Yasui and S. Ishiguro published an intensive survey and descrip- 

 tion of the tidal currents in Hirado Channel near Nagasaki. They 

 made a model experiment at the same time and could explain observed 

 results very satisfactorily (NMOR, 3, 190). H. Akamatsu made a very 

 intensive survey of the tidal and nontidal currents around the Goto 

 Islands to the northwest of Kyushu (KK, 4, 1950, 65-72). 



K. Hishida made a survey of currents, tidal or nontidal, close to 

 the coasts of the Japan Sea and showed that a marked vertical variation 

 is noticed in them, which may be explained as due to winds and bottom 

 topography (MCAKU, 62, 1952). 



Ichiye reports the observations of tidal currents and waves in Osa- 

 ka Bay, the Harima Nada, Kii Suido (PRO, 1949; US, 28, 1950; KH, 

 2, 1951; Report on the Investigations of the Beach Erosion in the south- 

 eastern part of Osaka Bay, 1). 



