344 EIGHTH PACIFIC SCIENCE CONGRESS 



China Sea but also of the whole Indo-Pacific region, and local varia- 

 tions in ecology as the cause for the extreme diversity between algal 

 associations of adjoining localities. 



The paper, "Some Problems on Marine Biogeographical Micro- 

 Provinces Surrounding JajDan", by Tadasige Habe, Tokubei Kuroda, 

 and Denzaburo Miyadi was read by Dr. Okada. It points out that in 

 southern Japan cold water continental coastal faunal elements often 

 survive in bays whereas the adjacent open coast may have a warm wa- 

 ter fauna belonging to a different marine province. Stress was made 

 on the idea that biogeography based on taxonomic differences is only 

 one side of biogeography. A comparison of bay fauna with littoral 

 fauna of the open sea, with specific examples of various species, was 

 presented. Several authors interpreted the term biogeographic prov- 

 inces in the ecological or zonation issue and this led to some discussion. 

 The characteristic aspects of marine littoral fauna which bear on bio- 

 geographical segmentation of Japanese seas were discussed. 



The paper of R. K. Dell of the Dominion Museum, New Zea- 

 land, entitled "The Marine MoUusca of the Kermadec Islands in Rela- 

 tion to Molluscan Faunas in the South West Pacific", came next and 

 was read by Dr. Hiatt. It reviewed briefly the literature on the marine 

 mollusca of the region and the author's own findings in his investiga- 

 tions of the different species and genera. 



"The Geographical Variation of Early Embryonic Processes in Ma- 

 rine Eggs" was read by Dr. Alexander Wolsky, Principal Scientific Of- 

 ficer of Unesco in South East Asia, It dealt with the different factors 

 affecting the development of marine eggs, and the causes of geographic 

 variation in the embryonic processes. Dr. Boschma commented on the 

 paper. 



Dr. Boschma: I agree with Dr. Wolsky that some species of animals 

 found in the North Sea and in the Mediterranean have differences 

 in their development. The study of their embryos must be inte- 

 resting. 



After this paper had been read, Mr. Powell opened the meeting 



for general discussions. 



Dr. Bruun: We found some Actinians in the Philippine Deep and also 

 in the Java Trench. I believe that this form is endemic in the 

 trenches. We also found more in the depth of 6,000 meters, which 

 cannot differ much from those found in the deep waters of India 

 and Japan. As shown by the work of Dr. ZoBell, the bacteria for 

 the Philippine Trench die when subjected to a pressure of 800 

 atmospheres, while they live at a pressure of 1200 atmospheres. It 



