i860.] CHAPTERS ON FUNGI. 299 



leaf, and consisting of numerous oblong-cylindrical, septate spores, 

 of a dark reddish-brown colour (under the microscope), and sup- 

 ported on whitish stems, which are enlarged at the base. 



A common species on leaves of Roses, often growing intermixed 

 with the Rust of Roses {Uredo Rosa). Other species attack the 

 Bramble, the wild Raspberry, etc. 



PUCCINIA. 



Spores 1-2-septate, adnate with the matrix by a filiform pe- 

 duncle, which is at first covered by the matrix. 



PucciNiA RRAMiNis, Pcrs. MUdew. Spots pale, diffuse ; sori 

 linear, confluent, amphigenous (i.e. produced on both sides of the 

 leaf); spores at length black. 



On leaves and culms of corn and grasses. Common. 



This is the common Mildew. It appears in the form of long 

 black lines, generally on the stalks of grass and corn, particularly 

 wheat, to which it is very injurious. The spores are oblong, uni- 

 septate, and slightly constricted in the middle. 



A great number of plants are liable to the attacks of this genus, 

 but the forms it assumes are so similar, that it can hardly be ad- 

 mitted that each particular parasite is a distinct species. In the 

 'English Flora' a considerable number of species are described, 

 but the differences are so very slight in many cases, that the 

 number might be greatly lessened. In fact it is very difficult to 

 say what a species is in this genus. 



Suborder 6. CtEOMACEI. 



A large group of Fungi, also attacking living plants, and abun- 

 dantly diffused everywhere. They consist almost entirely of pro- 

 portionally large subglobose spores, in most cases without any 

 true peridium, though the epidermis of the plants on which they 

 grow sometimes furnishes a kind of peridium (as in the genus 

 jEcidium) . In general, however, the cuticle is the only covering, 

 and when it bursts, the spores are exposed in naked masses or 

 sori. 



Several diseases of plants, of which the principal are rust, smut^ 

 and bunt, are produced by Fungi of this suborder, and are for- 

 midable enemies to the farmer. Almost every genus of plants is 

 affected by its peculiar Uredo or ^cidium ; but, as I have re- 

 marked under the genus Puccinia, it is going too far to make 



