589 



influence of unlike seasons is seen also in comparing the coasts and 

 inland regions. Iceland and the Feroes have neither com nor forests, 

 while both occur on the mainland in places which have a much lower 

 mean temperature ; the limits of the vine and maize rise higher 

 towards the north in Germany than on the west coast of France. 

 Maize ripens in the valleys of Tyrol, where snow lies upon the 

 ground during five months of the year, while it seldom becomes per- 

 fectly matured even in the South of England. 



" Those plants which require a mild winter will not grow in the 

 North of Europe, but they advance along the western coast under the 

 influence of the maritime climate, and the myrtle of the South is seen 

 in the S.W. of England. 



" From the greater difference of the seasons, the approach of spring 

 is more striking in the North than in the South. A gentle warmth 

 succeeds to the severe cold of winter, the lakes and rivers thaw, the 

 snowy covering of the soil vanishes and gives place to grass and herbs, 

 the trees and shrubs burst into leaf, the migratory birds return, and 

 the insect world comes forth from its winter hiding-places. In the 

 South, where no snow lies upon the ground, where the fields and 

 meadows are green through the winter, and most of the trees and 

 shrubs retain their leaves, the changes are less important; merely 

 more plants grow up and flower, more trees become clothed with 

 leaves, and animal life shows itself more abundantly." — P. 366. 



' Tlie Botany of the Voyage of H.M.S. Herald, tinder the Command 

 of Captain Henry Kellett, R.N., C.B., during the years 1845 — 51. 

 By Berthold Seemann, Memb. Imp. Acad. Nat. Cur. ; Naturalist 

 to the Expedition. London : Reeve & Co. 1852,' 



The surveying ship ' Herald,' under the command of Captain Kel- 

 lett, sailed from Plymouth, in company with the ' Pandora,' on the 

 26th of June, 1845, touched at Santa Cruz, in the Island of Teneriffe, 

 on the 13th of June, and entered the Bay of Rio Janeiro on the 19th 

 of August. Thence both ships sailed for the Falkland Islands ; and 

 then, steering directly south, they encountered a large iceberg in the 

 night, and parted company. Rounding Cape Horn, the ' Herald' 

 made Valparaiso on the 14th of November, and found that the ' Pan- 

 dora' had arrived fourteen days earlier. At this place, as well as at 

 Pichidanque, the highest peak of the Andes, called Acoucacaqua, was 



