825 



polished ; prickles strong and sharp ; leaves quinate, the leaflets all 

 stalked, central one cordate-ovate, dentate apiculate, with wide ser- 

 ratures, cuspidate, dark green above, pale green and pilose beneath ; 

 rachis downy ; panicle simple, or long with many axillary branches, 

 and large floral leaves ; sepals pilose, patent, or very loosely reflex in 

 fruit. Rare. In moist thickets below MooraVs Well, Colwall. Bir- 

 chen Grove, Worcester. 



A fine tall shrub, its stem rising high in thick woods in a sub-erect 

 manner, and often remains without any support the second year, in 

 this case throwing out short bunches of flowering shoots from the 

 summit, after the manner of the raspberry ; but when the stem de- 

 clines to the gi'ound the panicle becomes longer, and the lower 

 branches distant ; the floral leaves are very large, ternate below, cor- 

 date above, and often rising above the panicle ; fruit large, irregular, 

 consisting of many drupeolae, red for a time, finally deep black ; the 

 calyx is but loosely reflex, and its pilose sepals often even invest the 

 ripe fruit. 



viii. RuBi Idjei. Erect, generally with pinnate leaves. 



R. Idaiis, Linn. Raspberry. Stem round, pruinose, covered with 

 minute prickles ; leaves pinnate, white and plaited beneath ; flowers 

 in axillary corymbs, drooping. Woods of Colwall, Mathou, &c. ; 

 base of the North Hill, below the Ivyscar Rock. 



The rapid Increase of Anacharis Alsinastrum compared with the 

 Diffusion of other Introduced Species. By the Rev. R. C. 

 Douglas, M.A. 



The extraordinary increase of Anacharis Alsinastrum in the Cam- 

 bridgeshire fens and elsewhere, naturally suggests inquiry into the 

 introduction of other foreign species. The number of alien plants in 

 our Floras is not small ; but most of them lead a very precarious life : 

 many are confined to very small areas ; many struggle for existence 

 about old ruins, or deserted cottages, " where many a garden plant 

 grows wild." 



The animal kingdom furnishes us with numerous instances of spe- 

 cies originally introduced, yet soon spreading over the length and 

 breadth of their adopted country. The English Fauna gives us three 

 notable examples from the ranks of the Vertebrata and Invertebrata, 

 viz., the brown rat (or Norway rat, as it is sometimes called, although 

 ^OL. IV, 5 N 



