VIOLACE^. 69 



Holyhead and near Amlwch^ Anglesea. Ann. ; June-August. 



Tliis is entered in Hooker and Arnott's ' British Flora' as a 

 variety of H. guttatimi : a judicious view. We retain it as a 

 species, in deference to the learned compilers of the London 

 Catalogue. 



H. canum, Dun. in DC. Prod. vol. i. p. 277. — Cistus marifo- 

 lius, Lin. and Smith, Eng. Fl. Hoary Dwarf Cistus. — e.b. 396. 

 L.B.S. 130. 



A. 4. C. 8. Lat. 51-55°. Alt. 0-650 yds. Tern. 50-42°. 



Stem woody, a few inches high. Leaves ovate or ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, densely hairy (hoary with pubescence), on broad hoary 

 petioles (Sm.) . Flowers yellow, corymbose, on reddish pedicels. 

 Calyx hauy. Petals obovate (sometimes only four present). 

 Capsule ovate, smooth, with three or four hairy lines. 



Alpine rocks, in the north^f England and Wales. Shrub. 

 Flowers May and June. 



VIOLACEtE, DC. The Violet Family. 



Annual or perennial, herbaceous plants, with toothed or crenu- 

 late or entire, petiolate, radical or alternate leaves. Stipules 

 toothed or incised, persistent, often leaf-like, free or miited at the 

 base. Flowers solitary, drooping on axillary or radical bracteate 

 peduncles, perfect, not regular. Sepals five, imbricated in preflo- 

 ration (before expansion), prolonged at the base, free or slightly 

 united. Petals five, unequal, withering, twisted in prefloration, 

 the lower one with a spur. Stamens five, with short and enlarged 

 filaments. Anthers flattened, two-lobed, connivent, embracing the 

 ovary, terminated by a membranous appendage ; the two lower 

 are furnished each with a green fleshy prolongation which enters 

 the spur of the lower petal. Ovary one-celled, with many ovules, 

 which are inserted on the parietal placentas. Stigma simple 

 or somewhat lobed. Fruit capsular, one-celled, three-valved, 

 with valvular opening (dehiscence) . Seeds horizontal or pendu- 

 lous. Embiyo straight, in a thick fleshy albumen (perisperm). 

 Radicle towards the hilum. 



Viola, Town. — Annual or perennial, stemless or caulescent 

 (having a stem) plants, with blue or white flowers, or the pe- 

 tals are variegated with yellow and viol6t ; peduncles hooked at 

 the summit with minute bracts, which are usually remote from 



