188 BRITISH BOTANY. 



Stem rather erect, bluntly angular, slightly prickly, more or 

 less hairy above (often quite smooth) ; prickles small, deflexed, 

 variable, confined to the angles ? Leaves green on both sides, 

 and slightly hairy ; leaflets obovate or elliptical, somewhat acu- 

 minate (oblong pointed), deeply and sharply toothed, some of 

 them lobed ; stipules lanceolate, fringed. Flowers in branched, 

 spreading panicles. Sepals smooth and black or tawny exter- 

 nally, internally clothed with long, thick, white down (shaggy at 

 the edges), reflexed in flower. Petals large, two or three times 

 as large as the sepals. Fruit red. 



In woods and groves. Shrub. July, August. 



Var. /3. trifoliatus. — Leaves all ternate ; fruit bright red. 

 1 ") Var. y.fissus, Leight. Fl. Sh. 235.— l.c. (4) .—Prickles not 

 confined to the angles, numerous and contiguous ; calyx spread- 

 ing-erect. (See ' Phytologist,^ vol. iii. p. 72.) 



3. R. plicatus, W. and N. Upright Blackberry. — e.b.s. 

 2714. L.c. (5). A. 12. C. 22. Lat. 51-56°. 



Stem nearly erect, angular, farrowed, glabrous except at the 

 top, prickly. Prickles on the angles of the stem, dilated at the 

 base, curved, uniform, deflexed. Leaflets ovate-oblong, leathery, 

 with prominent nerves and prickly midrib. Flowers in a spread- 

 ing panicle or cluster, on long pedicels. Sepals lax, ovate-acu- 

 minate, densely tomentose on the inside. Petals large, conspi- 

 cuous. Fruit nearly black. 



In damp and boggy places. • Shrub. July-September. 



Var. /8. carinatus, Bell Salter in An. Nat. Hist. vol. xvi. p. 365. 

 — Leaflets lanceolate, strongly keeled and veined below. 



R. fastigiatus, W. and N,? — Stems angular, glabi-ous, with 

 few, equal, straight, deflexed prickles, which are confined to the 

 angles of the stem. Leaflets cordate, acuminate, green on both 

 sides, flexible, large, unequally toothed and serrated, downy and 

 paler beneath. Panicle simple, elongate. — Woods. Scotland. 

 Shrub. August, September. — This is a sylvan form of R. pli- 

 catus in the third edition of the ' Manual / in the fourth it is 

 invisible. 



b. Stem glabrous or slightly hairy, with straight prickles and spreading hairs. 



4. R. incurvatus, Bab.— l.c. 10. A. 4. C. ? Lat. 51-55°. 

 Stem angular, sulcate, slightly clothed with scattered hairs, 



and armed with distant, declining prickles. Leaflets ovate-acu- 

 minate, ending in a curved point, undulating, crisp and toothed 



