156 : Miscellanies. 
because the fact of the very numerous chrysalids of the Hessian Fly, 
as stated by me and which I have too long known to mistake, and 
the incidents which gave rise to them and against which it was, in 
my opinion, necessary for the agriculturist to be guarded, formed ~ 
paramount motive. 
Notwithstanding the authorities cited against me, I must still main- 
tain the identity of the Hessian Fly with the insect which I faithfully 
and correctly described in the paper alluded to. 
First. The sod of wheat, placed under the glass jar, was loaded 
with well known chrysalids of the Hessian Fly. 
Secondly. In due time, swarms of the insect described by me ap- 
peared on the stalks and blades of the wheat within the jar, and 
having first several times cast off their exuvie, made their deposits, 
which finally crawled down and attached themselves firmly, by pierc- 
ing the plant with their probosces ;. and, throughout half the winter, 
there were many new developments, although I cannot say that 
these were, certainly, from recent deposits; they may have proceed- 
ed from the original chrysalids, of different ages when taken in. 
Shortly after the appearance of this numerous brood, 1 discovered 
a few other flies, of the Diptera order: three of these were appa- 
rently impoverished, small, house flies; indeed, so distinctly marked 
as the Musca communis, that I had no difficulty on the subject, and 
concluded they were produced from deposits of this Ay, made in the 
fall previous, on the rotten portion of the wheat, before I had taken it in. 
About the same time appeared eight or ten others, also belonging 
to the order Diptera, and, as I believe, to the genus Culex ; and but 
for their short, inflected probosces, would have called them muske- 
toes, whose armature is too well known in Maryland to be mistaken : 
upon a closer investigation, they may be referred to the Tipula, whose 
habits and appearance strikingly resemble them, (the Culex.) They 
nidify and feed alike, on stagnant waters, rich damp earth, and mud. 
. The origin of these, also, I referred to deposits, in the fall, on the 
rich earth containing my wheat in the jar, and I have still no doubt 
of the fact; and in this manner mistakes may have arisen on this 
subject. 
The larve and chrysalids of the Tipula are uniformly found in 
such places as I have named, and not on living plants; and if the 
Hessian Fly be of this family, it is, I suspect, the only exception. 
The larve and chrysalids of the Hessian Fly, unquestionably known 
in those stages of its existence, are invariably found on living plants, 
