PENNELL: STUDIES IN THE AGALINANAE 125 
In the first place, as already recounted, he definitely carried 
out Sir J. E. Smith’s suggestion, and transferred Gerardia as a 
valid genus to the Acanthaceae. . 
Our Rhinanthaceous species, Gerardia of authors and its 
near allies, he placed in about eight genera, two of which, Macran- 
thera ‘“‘Torr.”” Benth. and Seymeria Pursh, were adopted from 
other authors, and one, Dasistoma, was, as shown above, an 
earlier genus of his own. 
His first genus was Aureolaria, created to include the large, 
perennial, broad-leaved species, and based upon the current 
interpretation of Gerardia flava L. As his Dasistoma has been 
wrongly applied to this group, this first name becomes the correct 
one for these plants. As Gerardia flava L., both by description 
and the specimen in the Linnaean herbarium, is synonymous 
with Rhinanthus virginicus L., the type-species of the present 
genus—our pubescent eastern plant—must be known by the 
name here given it, Aureolaria villosa Raf. 
His second genus, doubtfully considered distinct from the last, 
is nearly as uncertain to the present reviewer. Panctenis was 
based upon Gerardia pedicularia L. This species and a few close 
allies agree with Awreolaria in broad leaves, yellow flowers, and 
awned anthers, but their points of disagreement are equally 
striking. The annual habit of Panctenis, its corolla pubescent 
without, its wingless seeds, constitute several points of difference. 
I prefer to treat it as a subgenus of Aureolaria. The combination 
Aureolaria pedicularia (L.) was made as a variant by Rafinesque. 
His third genus, Agalinis, in point of numbers is the most 
important of all. Based upon Agalinis palustris Raf., this genus 
was designed to include all the slender, narrow-leaved, purple- 
flowered plants, which Bentham later (1846) has treated as his 
section Eugerardia, and recent writers have come to consider true 
Gerardia. This isa large genus of both North and South America, 
falling into a number of well-marked subgenera. The type of 
the genus, Agalinis palustris Raf., is the prevalent plant of moist 
ground, near marshes, from New England to Carolina, Rafinesque 
correctly interpreting Gerardia purpurea L. as intended to include 
all the purple species. However G. purpurea L. is to be typified 
by the only Linnaean citation with a figure, Plukenet’s ‘‘ Digitalis 
