252 BRAINERD: FOUR HYBRIDS OF VIOLA PEDATIFIDA 
warrant the making of several distinct species, according to the 
hasty methods of ordinary practice. 
The hybrid V. papilionacea X pedatifida seems not to be rare 
in the Middle West. I cite a few interesting examples: M. A. 
Castleton 25, Vinita, Okla., April 18, 1891; distributed as “ V. 
palmata.”’* From the United States National Herbarium in 1911 
was distributed with printed ticket: ‘‘ Viola Bernardi Greene, 
Freeport, Ill., Charles F. Johnson, May 15, 1899; determined by 
Dr. E. L. Greene and Philip Dowell.’’ The plant is quite the same 
as the hybrid under discussion from Yorkville, Ill., and seems to 
represent Dr. Greene’s present conception of his species.  V. 
indivisa Greene is also a derivative form of this hybrid; the 
‘type’ from Prairie Junction, Minn., E. L. Greene coll., July 7, 
1898 (Pittonia 5: 124. pl. 13. 1903). Also along railway, Naper- 
ville, Ill., Z. M. Umbach, May 18, 1897. (Cf. Leaflets 1: 182. 
1906.) 
2. Viola pedatifida X sagittata hyb. nov. 
Plant becoming cespitose, the rootstock dividing into several 
erect branches; leaves that develop after petaliferous flowering 
finely pubescent especially beneath and on the upper portion of 
the petiole, the blades subcordate-ovate in outline (the width 
about 3 the length), cleft into 6-8 oblong-linear lateral lobes and a 
broad slightly toothed terminal lobe, the leaves of late summer 
relatively broader; petals violet, the three lower villous; apetalous 
flowers and fruit on erect peduncles as long as the petioles; auricles 
of sepals long and divergent; capsules green, 6-10 mm. long, 
often quite infertile; seeds intermediate to those of the two parent 
species in size and color; offspring much unlike each other in - 
foliage, but blades always incised or coarsely toothed toward the 
base. (PLATE 16, FIG. Aa.) 
This hybrid first attracted my attention in a parcel of violet 
specimens collected in central Illinois by Mr. V. H. Chase, and 
sent me in November 1907 for determination. It was found in 
undisturbed prairie soil along the right of way of the Rock Island 
and Peoria Railroad, just north of the south boundary of Stark 
County. At the same place and time were collected V. pedatifida 
and pubescent V. sagitiata, the three plants bearing the conse- 
cutive numbers 1356-7-8. The anomalous plant impressed me as 
* Regarded as V. viarum by Mr. Pollard, and apparently the basis for accrediting 
this species to Ind. Terr. in Britton’s Manual, p. 636. 1905. 
