Griccs: THE SUGAR GROVE FLORA 495 
C. APPALACHIAN PLANTS (from southern New York or Con- 
necticut to Ohio and south through the mountains). 
Type range, ASPLENIUM MONTANUM (FIG. 6). 
These ranges are in some cases difficult to distinguish from 
those of the Carolinian plants because their northern boundaries 
nearly coincide and because of the tendency to spread through 
southern Ohio into Indiana toward the Ozarks. In such cases the 
general affinities of the plant have been the criterion for decision. 
Thus Aruncus Aruncus is placed here because the same or a closely 
related species is found on the Pacific coast to Alaska thereby 
clearly indicating its boreal affinities although its distribution in 
the eastern United States is apparently clearly Carolinian. We 
have 12 plants belonging to this category as follows: 
Aruncus Aruncus Phlox stolonifera 
Asplenium montanum Phacelia dubia 
Asplenium pinnatifidum Pinus virgimiana 
Azalea lutea Silene rotundifolia 
Cardamine rotundifolia Stachys cordata 
Oxydendrum arboreum Viola hirsutula. 
0 
CAROLINIAN PLANTS ON THE NORTHERN EDGES OF THEIR 
RANGES. 
Type range, PASSIFLORA LUTEA (FIG. 7). 
These are typically plants of 
southern or even subtropical Pe 
affinity whose northern limits 
are largely determined by lati- [3¥t--_'/~  wz| —- 
tude. As might be expected, 
there is no such uniformity in ~— 
the northern ranges of these t ley he 
plants as in those of the first 
group; Ilex opaca, Quercus mary- eee = 
landica, and Liguidamber Styraci- Fic. 7. Range of Passiflora lutea. 
jflua, though members of this 
group, just reach the southern extremity of Ohio and do not 
~ come within 75 miles of Sugar Grove. The typical*members of 
this group extend straight across the country at about the latitude 
of Philadelphia, but there is a strong tendency in many Carolinian 
plants like Andropogon virginicus (FIG. 8) to extend up the coastal 
