~ 536 MACKENZIE: NOTES ON CAREX 
Densely cespitose, the stolon short, ascending; culms 2—10 cm. 
high, much exceeded by the leaves, triangular, rough on the angles, 
very strongly fibrillose at base, several together with a common 
cluster of leaves at the base. Leaves numerous and conspicuous, 
the blades from very short to 35 cm. long, 2-4 mm. wide, flat, 
very rough, the mid-nerve prominent; staminate spike sessile, 
5-8 mm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, the ovate scales obtusish, brownish 
with greenish midrib and narrow hyaline margin; pistillate 
spikes two or three, sessile, erect, contiguous or the lower slightly 
separate, the upper at the base of the sessile staminate spike, 
orbicular or ovoid-orbicular, 4-7 mm. long, 3-5 mm. wide, closely 
flowered, with about 6-15 ascending perigynia; bract of lower 
spike well developed, green, attenuate, 1.5 mm. wide at base, 
5-25 mm. long, and from shorter than to exceeding the inflorescence, 
the upper bracts similar but shorter; scales ovate, acutish to 
short-cuspidate, from slightly shorter to slightly longer than the 
perigynia, with a broad strip of green in the center and con- 
spicuous brownish black margin, or at times in immature speci- 
mens the brownish black margin narrow and inconspicuous; 
perigynia 3.5 mm. long, the body oval, 1.75 mm. long, tapering 
into the stipitate base 0.75 mm. long, the beak 1 mm. long, the 
body compressed-orbicular and somewhat obscurely triangular 
in cross-section, I mm. wide, narrowly ridged along the sides, 
otherwise nerveless, it and the beak minutely puberulent, the 
beak bidentate; achenes short-triangular, 1.5 mm. long, closely 
fitted to the perigynia; stigmas three. 
Differs from Carex floridana in (1) its normally triangular 
achenes, (2) strongly dark-margined scales, and (3) often stiff 
culms, which are (4) strongly fibrillose at base, and (5) in its 
short ascending stolons instead of long creeping ones, thus making 
the plant more densely cespitose. 
Forms of Carex varia Muhl. in which the leaves much exceed 
the culms may key into this species or the following one. Their 
narrow slender leaf-blades, and the lack of dark margins to their 
scales distinguish such specimens from the present species, and 
the absence of the long stolons and the lenticular achenes of Carex 
floridana serve to distinguish that species. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: 
NEw York: Babylon, Leggett, May 21, 1869 (C). 
NEw Jersey: Landisville, Atlantic Co., Gross, 1872+1883 
(N. Y.) and May 28, 1898 (K. M.); Tuckerton, Mackenzie, 
