550 MACKENZIE: NOTES ON CAREX 
mostly much exceeded by the leaves, slender, triangular, rough 
on the angles, reddish-brown tinged and strongly fibrillose at 
base, phyllopodic; sterile culms aphyllopodic, erect, the sheaths 
filamentose. Leaves numerous, the blades erect or ascending, 
light green, from very short to 20 or 30 cm. in length, at flowering 
time about 1.5 to 2.5 mm. wide, in age up to 3 mm. wide, flat with 
somewhat revolute margins, very rough above; terminal spike 
staminate, sessile or short-peduncled, 5-10 mm. long, 1.5—2 mm. 
wide, the scales obovate, obtuse or acute, reddish brown with 
lighter midvein and hyaline margins; pistillate spike usually 
present at base of staminate, sessile or short-peduncled, globose- 
oblong, 3.5 mm. wide, 4-7 mm. long, its bract squamiform, reddish- 
brown tinged and exceeded by culm, the basal spikes 2 or 3, 
short, oblong, 5-9 mm. long, frequently staminate at apex; scales 
ovate, abruptly acute or acuminate, longer and wider than peri- 
gynia but not concealing them, strongly several-nerved, greenish 
or hyaline, the upper at least reddish-brown tinged; perigynia 
2.25-3.25 mm. long, the body subglobose, triangular-orbicular in 
cross-section, 1.25 mm. wide, short-pubescent, 2-ribbed, otherwise 
nerveless, tapering or contracted into a short-stipitate base, 0.5 
mm. long, abruptly contracted into the short (0.5—1 mm. long) 
beak, less than half length of body, the beak 2-edged, hyaline- 
tipped, at most obscurely bidentate; achenes triangular, orbicular- 
obovoid, filling perigynia, brownish, sessile, shining, irregularly 
pitted, the sides convex and angles sharp and narrow; style slender; 
stigmas three. 
Differs from Carex umbellata in the small, short-beaked, ob- 
scurely bidentate perigynia, and in the achenes. 
A northern species extending south to Delaware and Indiana. 
SPECIMENS EXAMINED: 
CANADA: Quesnelle, Macoun, May 29, 1874 (H); Norway 
House, Richardson 323 (H); Rocky Mts., Richardson (H); Carlton 
House (H); Norway House, Richardson (H); Victoria, Vancouver 
Island, Macoun 16673, May 7, 1875 (D. C.); Fraser River Valley, 
Macoun 32015, May 18, 1875 (D. C.); ‘Rocky Mts.,” Drummond 
(D. C.); Hastings County, Ontario, Macoun 32019, June 15, 1865 
(© .), 
MAINE: Vassalboro, Fernald & Chamberlain, May yy, 1902 
(K. M.); Bangor, Knight, May 14, 1905 (K. M.). 
VERMONT: Snake Mt., Brainerd, June 11, 1897 (B). 
New HampsHIRrE: Mt. Willard, Faxon, June 7 (N. Y.). 
