INTERDUNAL PONDS AND TAMARACK SWAMPS 183 



(Fig. 131), and the lance-leaved violet, grass-of -Parnassus, and 

 the painted cup. Round the margins in addition to the shiny- 

 leaved willow one finds the red-osier dogwood, the shrubby 

 cinquefoil, and St. John's-wort. 



Grass-of -Parnassus has heart-shaped basal leaves 1-2 inches 

 Jong with five conspicuous veins that run from end to end of the 

 leaf. The flower stalk bears a single conspicuous white flower, 

 bearing several greenish veins. The flower is about an inch in 



FIG. 206. Interdunal pond of second type 



diameter. Painted cup is rather tall and conspicuous because 

 of the bright scarlet bracts among the flowers, giving the plant 

 the appearance of a paintbrush dipped in red paint. Red- 

 osier dogwood is a shrub with bright red stems, quite slender, 

 and very pliable. Shrubby cinquefoil (Fig. 207) is a low, 

 tufted shrub with bark that shreds off readily. The leaves are 

 palmately compound, with five or sometimes seven leaflets. 

 The flowers are yellow, about an inch across. 



The animals found in these two types of ponds are practically 

 identical. In the deeper waters are found small clams of the 



