AN OUTLINE OF SOME OF THE IMPORTANT PLANT 

 AND ANIMAL ASSOCIATIONS 



ASSOCIATIONS CHANGING SUCCESSIVELY AS LAND CONSTRUCTION GOES ON 

 The Filling Lake in the Dune Area 



1 . The beach association Predatory beetle association 



2. Fore-dune association 



3. Cottonwood association Digger-wasp association 



Transition zone Large tiger beetle association 



4. Pine association Cicindela hirticollis association 



5. Black oak association Ant-lion association 



6. Mixed oak association Tree frog association 



Oak-hickory association Green tiger association 



Beech-maple association Wood frog association 



(For the last two see p. 306) 

 The filling pond or small lake leads on to 



a) the wet prairie and finally to the dry prairie 



b) the swamp with white ash-elm association, and finally to the cli- 

 max forest . 



c) the sphagnum bog and tamarack swamp. The early stages of 

 these are practically identical, namely (7 is usually wanting in c) 



7. Bare bottom association Lampsilis luteolus association 



8. Chara association Bloodworm association 



9. Utricularia Myriophyllum association Ischnura verticalis association 



They then differentiate as follows: 



(a) 



10. Water lily association Painted turtle association 



11. Bulrush association Marsh wren association 



1 2. Carex-Scirpus association Green flatworm association 



13. Swamp grass association Bobolink association 



Andropogon furcatus , meadow lark association (see p. 306) 



(*) 



10. Water lily association Painted turtle association 



11. Bulrush association Marsh wren association 



14. Cat-tail association Redwing association 



15. Buttonbush-prickly ash association Succinea association 



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