X THE PONTIC PROVINCE 295 



regions of the north, are much more varied and numerous than 



those of Egypt. ClausUia is again fairly plentiful, and the 



Helic'idae are represented by some striking 



forms of the sections Levantina, Fomatia, 



and Nammidina. Leucochroa has several 



curious types with a constricted aperture, 



and the Agnatha are represented by Lihania, 



a peculiar form of Daudehardia. A ;[romi- 



nent feature is the occurrence of a number 



of large white Buliminus of the Fetraev.s 



section (Fig. 200). Land operculates appear 



to be absent, but Mdanopsis and Neritina ^'^f^^t) ''S;:;;; 



are abundant. The Dead Sea contains no OH v., Bi^yroTit ; B, 



Mollusca, but Lake Til)erias has a rich ,.,,;^,) septemdeniatus 



fauna, including the al)ove-mentioned genera, Rotli., Faiestine. 



with a Corhicula and several Unio. 



Ujrper Ifesojwtnm ia appears to possess a mixture of Syrian 

 and Caucasian forms, including a Farmacella. Lower Mesopo- 

 tamia has an exceedingly poor land fauna, but is comparatively 

 rich in fresh-water species, the growing eastern character of 

 which is shown by the occurrence of several Corhicula and 

 Fsevdodon, and of a Neritma of a distinctly Indian type. 



(ft) The Fo)itic 2)rovince extends from Western Austria to 

 the Sea of Azof, and ijicludes Austria, Hungary, Eoumania, the 

 Balkan peninsula (so far as it does not form part of the Mediter- 

 ranean sub-region), the islands of the Greek Archipelago, southern 

 Russia and the Crimea, and Asia Minor. It thus practically 

 corresponds to the whole iDanul)e basin, together with the lands 

 l)ordering on the Black Sea, except at the extreme east, which 

 belongs to the Caucasian f'.u1)-region. Fischer separates off Greece, 

 Asia Minor (except the northern coast-line), and the intervening 

 islands, with Crete and Cyprus, as constituting a portion (Hel- 

 l;id( I- Anatolic) of the Mediterranean sub-region proper. These 

 districts, however, appear to possess scarcely sufficient indi- 

 viduality to warrant their separate consideration. 



A ])rominent characteristic of the Pontic Mollusca is the 

 great aluuidance of ClausUia and Buliminvs. In the islands 

 east and west of Greece ClausUia forms a large proportion of the 

 fauna, each island, however small, possessing its own peculiar 

 ibi-ms. Tlio Helices belong principally to the grou])S Camiyylaea 



