60 Messrs. Alston and Harvie Brown's 



18. Lanius excubitor. Common in some localities, but 

 always shy and difficult of approach. This Shrike seems to 

 prefer perching on the tops of the highest trees near the 

 borders of the forest. Near Waldushki one was seen to 

 chase a Hooded Crow, at which it made repeated dashes. 



Obs. — One specimen of Lanius collurio is in the Museum. 



19. Ampelis garrula. This very beautiful species is com- 

 mon but local, both on the mainland and islands. We did not 

 find it breeding, but met with it both in pairs and in flocks 

 of from three to six. These small parties seemed to consist 

 either of male or female birds exclusively; and, strange to 

 say, all the latter had the breast very bare. No bird can be 

 handsomer than the Waxwing as it springs from twig to twig 

 of a sombre pine, now fluttering on the wing, now flirting its 

 silky crest, constantly in motion, and ever and anon uttering 

 its musical tremulous whistle. It is particularly fond of 

 perching on the topmost twigs of the pine trees. A bird of 

 the year is preserved in the Museum. 



20. Parus borealis. Common, but not so abundant as in 

 some districts of Norway. 



21. Parus cristatus. We shot one in the forest of Glu- 

 boki, near Cholmogory, but saw no other specimens. 



Obs. — The Museum contains one example of P. sibiricus, 

 and also one of Sitta europaa. 



22. Turdus pilaris. Very plentiful. 



23. Turdus iliacus. Very common in some localities. 

 A young bird which we obtained is described in Dresser and 

 Sharpens l Birds of Europe/ part xiii. 



24. Turdus merula. Once seen. 



Obs. — In the collection of Herr Heinrich there is a speci- 

 men of the black-bellied variety of Cinclus aquaticus, and 

 also one of Oriolus galbula, both of which are considered very 

 rare birds in this district. 



25. Ruticilla phcenicura. Redstarts are common, and 

 nest in the gardens of the town. 



