400 Capt. J. Hayes Lloyd on the 



the Geer were of the same species as those forming the Kon- 

 kan and Ghant forests — Tectona grandis, Terminalia glabra, 

 T. belerica, Nauclea parviflora, Garrugapinnata, Odina nodier, 

 Cassia fissula, Pongamia glabra, Diospyros exsculpta, Sterculia 

 urens, Emblica officinalis, Schrebera swietinioides, and many 

 others — not such fine trees as their brethren further south, but 

 still of the same species I had become so familiar with years 

 before in the Konkan and Ghaut districts. Of course, with 

 the discovery of a tract of country presenting such physical 

 conditions as above described, much of what had previously 

 puzzled me was accounted for. Any number of Buchanga 

 ceerulescens, Crocopus phmnicopterus, Cyornis jerdoni, &c. 

 would not have astonished me ; their absence in fact, would 

 have been unnatural. 



But though the presence of these isolated wooded and 

 mountainous regions in Kattiawar explains the occurrence of 

 certain unexpected forms in the avifauna of the province, 

 there are other questions suggested by them of great interest, 

 to which I will briefly allude before passing on to the enu- 

 meration of species. 



One of these questions is the extent to which the laws of 

 geographical distribution are dependent on physical condi- 

 tions — a subject referred to by Dr. Stoliczka*, and in illustra- 

 tion of which these Geernar and Geer jungles, in their bear- 

 ing on the avifauna of Kattiawar, offer a marked instance, 

 supplying a parallel to that of Mount Aboo, quoted by him 

 as modifying the avifauna of Rajpootana. Another and little- 

 understood subject is that of restricted migration. Many of 

 our Indian resident species are known to move from one part 

 of the country to another, quitting certain districts and ap- 

 pearing in others, or moving from plains to hills at different 

 seasons of the year. Sometimes this is for the purpose of 

 breeding — as in the case of the Kites, which leave the neigh- 

 bourhood of Bombay, and some Shrikes, which leave Katti- 

 awar, to breed in other districts. At other times it seems to 

 be connected with the question of food-supply, as in the case 

 of many of the Insessores, which visit the open country during 

 * J. A. S. B. xvi. p. 218. 



