4 



AETOCAEPUS 



and has a blunt apex : while, in those where the surface of the ripe syncarpium is 

 smooth, the individual anthocarps are united into a fleshy mass from base to apex. 

 In all three cases, however, the apex of the individual anthocarp remains perforated, 

 so that the stigma can pass out to the open air. Each female flower contains only a 



ovary, which is free, and, as has been indicated, its style (which is cylindrical) 

 passes upwards through the tubular perianth, so that its upper part also is carried out 

 into the open air, this upper part being well supplied with stigmatic tissue. I ha 



gle 



met in this genus with the peltate stigma mentioned by some writers. The single 

 ovule is pendulous. As both the anthers and stigmas are well exserted when mature, 

 the mechanism of fertilisation must be very simple. Only a few, however, of the ovules 



yncarpium develope into seeds : those which do thus develope being enclosed in 



anthocarp. The perianths of the unfertilised flowers remain 



any i 

 membranous 



up 



distinct until a very late period, and can be distinguished, on dissection, even 

 the time when seeds are nearly ripe. The seeds are pendulous and have a membranous testa ; 

 they are exalbuminous, the cotyledons being thick and fleshy. Peltate scales, of the 

 sort already described, occur on the female receptacle. 



The leaves of Artocarpus are alternate, coriaceous, and penninerved; for the most 

 part entire, but in a few species coarsely lobed. When dried, they much resemble those 

 of Ficus, as to some extent do the stipules ; and when fructification is absent, herbarium 

 specimens of the two genera are not readily distinguishable. Thus Miquel originally 

 described his Artocarpus Tampang as Ficus Tampang ; and I have seen, in several collec- 

 tions fruitless specimens of Artocarpus Gomeziam named Ficus scleroptera, and vice versa. 

 Stipules are invariably present; and in all the British-Indian species there is a pair of 

 these at the base of each leaf. In some species the stipules are very large and embrace 

 the young leaf -buds; in others they are small and insignificant: but in all cases they 

 are deciduous. All the species are trees, and all have milky juice. 



Trecul as has been already indicated, divided the genus into two sub-geE 

 Jaca and Pseudo-Jaca. The characters of his Jaca are— ■" male perigonium of 2 leaves, more 



or less cohering together; stipules 2, opposite, amplcxicaul, the one infolding the other by its 

 margins; 11 and of his Pseudo-Jaca— " male perigonium 4- rarely Z-phyllous ; stipules 2, minute, 

 axillary or sub-lateral, neither opposite nor amplexicaulP As regards the male perianth, it is 

 quite true that in A. Denisoniana—a, species, by the way, which Trecul never saw— the two 

 pieces of the male perianth are cleft to the base, and that the perianth thus becomes 

 4-leaved; but the arrangement obtains in no other British-Indian species. Trecul states 

 that in A. Lakoocha the male perianth is 3-phyllous, but I find it to be 2-phyllous, each 

 piece being in some cases cleft nearly to its base. The ternary variation in the perianth, 

 even did it occur, would not be important; and I cannot regard as of much value the 

 part of Trecul's character taken from this. And the part of his character which is 

 derived from the stipules is founded on a mistake; for, as a matter of fact, the leaf of 





