24 



LEPIDOBALANUS 



Plate 15B.— Q. dilatata, Lindl. 4, branch with spikes of male flowers ; 5, branch with 



ripe fruit,— of 'natural size ; 6 & 7, male flowers: enlarged. 



4. Quercus Ilex, Linn. Sp. PI. 995. 



Young shoots and petioles stellate-pubescent. Leaves shortly petiolate, coriaceous, 

 varying from oval, ovate-oblong, to elliptic-lanceolate, blunt or acute ; edges entire or 

 spinose-dentate ; base rounded, sub-cordate or acute ; upper surface stellate-pubescent 

 when young, glabrous when adult ; lower densely covered with minute, pale grey, stellate 

 tomentum, or minutely scaly; lateral nerves 4 to 10 pairs, not prominent and not 

 conspicuously bifurcate; length of blade 1*25 in. to 2*5 in., breadth *75 in. to 1*75 in. ; 

 petiole about *25 in. Male spikes rather short, crowded; bracts ovate-acute to obovale, 

 pilose externally, as is the obtusely 5- to 6-lobed perianth ; anthers 3 or more, shortly 

 hairy. Female spikes short, erect, few-flowered ; styles 3 to 5, linear, recurved, spreading. 

 A corns solitary or in pairs ; the cupule campanulate or cylindric, *5 in. deep by *6 

 in. in diameter, embracing nearly the lower half of the ripe glans; its scales woody, 



I 



ad pressed, ovate-acute, diminishing in size upwards; connate and pubescent below; the 

 tips free and glabrous. Glans cylindric, conic, pale brown, glabrous when quite ripe, 2-| 

 or 3 times as long as the cupule. — Linn, Sp. PL 2nd ed. 1412 ; Smith in Bees 1 Encyc. 29. 

 No. 32; Beichb. Ic. Fl. Germ. 1307. t. 642; DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 39; Boiss. Fl. Or. iv. 1168; 

 Kotschy Lichen t. 38; Brandts For. Flora 480; Gamble Lnd. Timb. 383; Hook. Fl. Brit. 



Ind. v. 602; Nouv. Duham. 7. t. 43. — Q. calicina and expansa, Poir. Diet. Suppl. 2. 



217.— $. Baloot, Griff. Itin. Not, 328; DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 38.— £. Balout, Boiss. Fl. Or. iv. 

 1168; Wenzig in Jahrb. Bot. Gart. Berl. iv. 200.* 



Afghanistan and the drier parts of the Himalaya as far east as the Sutlej, at 



elevations of 3,000 to 8,500 feet. Distribution : the Mediterranean region, Asia Minor, 

 Lebanon. 



A small tree, 20 to 40 feet high ; sometimes higher, but more frequently rather a 

 bush than a tree. The Indian specimens differ in no essential character from the European, 

 but on the whole the leaves of the Indian are smaller, more oval, and their pubescence 

 is paler. The Afghan plant, first collected by Griffith and regarded as a species by him 

 (Q. Baloof), has the pubescence on the under surface of its leaves rather scaly than 

 stellate ; but I can see no other difference from Q. Ilex. It is, however, still kept distinct 

 by De Candolle, Bossier, and Wenzig. 



Plate 17. — Q. Ilex, Linn. 1, branch with male catkins; 2, branch with broadly ovate 

 leaves and ripe fruit ; 3, branch with spinose-dentate leaves ; 4, branch with lanceolate leaves 

 and young fruit,— all of natural size ; 5, male flower : enlarged. 



5. Quercus Griffithii, Book. fil. and Thorns. DC. Prod. xvi. ii. 14. 



Young shoots and petioles covered with grey pubescence ; ultimately glabrescent or 

 glabrous. Leaves obovate, obovate-oblong, or cuneate, acute or sub-acuminate, more or less 

 coarsely dentate-serrate, sometimes entire towards the much narrowed base ; upper surface 

 more or less smooth and shining when adult, pubescent when young ; lower surface minutely 

 pubescent when adult, softly pubescent when young, often pale; nerves 12 to 16 pairs, bold 



: . In the synonymy quoted atove I have not given the names of those varieties of this species ^vhich do not occur 

 within Indian limits. 



