102 



INDO- MALAYAN SPECIES 



Plate 93.— 0. armata, Spach. 1, branch with male spikes; 2, female spikes; 



3, ripe fruit, — of natural size. 



14. Castanopsis tribuloides, A. DC. in Seem. Journ. Bot. i. (1863) 182; Prod. 



xvi. ii. 111. 



Young shoots and under surfaces of young leaves more or less covered with cinereous or 

 (in the varieties) ferruginous or rufous pubescence. Leaves lanceolate, oblong-lanceolate or 

 (in var. 2) ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, entire, or sometimes serrate towards the apex; the 

 base more or less acute; upper surface glabrous when adult; the lower pubescent, or 

 glabrous in very old leaves, paler or redder than the upper; nerves 10 to 13 pairs, thin 

 but prominent beneath; length of blade 3 to 5 in., breadth 1 to 1*25 in. (much more in var. 

 longispina ) ; petiole from '25 in. to 5 in. Spikes longer than the leaves ; the male in terminal 

 or sub-terminal panicles or fascicles, minutely tomentose; flowers glomerulate. Female 

 spikes solitary, axillary ; the flowers solitary. Mipe involucres from *5 in. to 1 in. in diameter, 

 ovoid, cinereous, (or in the vars.) ferruginous or rufous- tomentose, ovoid, bearing ridges 

 with numerous simple or brandling, slightly flattened, stout, spreading or curved, pubescent 

 spines, the apices of which are pale and glabrous. Nut single, from *4 in. to '75 in. long, 

 ovoid, pointed, adpressed-pubescent when young, glabrous when ripe. — Hook. fil. Fl. Br. 

 Ind. v. 622 ; Brandts For. Flora 490 (excl. syn. Q. armata, Boxb.) ; Gamb. hid. Timb. 389. 

 Q. tribuloides, Smith in Rees' Cycl. lS.— Oastanea tribuloides, Lindl. in Wall. Pi. As. Rar 



ii. 6; Kurz For. Flora Bur m. ii. 480; Wall. Cat. 2765.— <?. armata, Don Prod. Fl 



Nepal 56 (not of Roxb.)— 0. ferox, Spach. Hist. PI. Phan. si. 180 ; Miq. Ann. Mus. Lugd 

 Bat. i. 119 (exclude syn. Q. armata } Roxb., from all the foregoing). — Oastanea microcarpa 



Wall. Cat. 3735 (by error 2735).— Q. acuta, Herb. Ham 



Of this there are five distinguishable form 



Var. typica. 



Adult leaves entire ; pubescence cinereous ; spines numerous, long, slender, and 

 ring the walls of the involucre; nuts usually solitary. — Q. tribuloides, Sm. Rees' Encyc. 



. armata, Don (not of Roxb.) Prod. Fl. Nep. 56 (excl. syn. Q. armata, Roxb ). — Castanea 

 tribuloides, Lindl. in Wall. PI. As. Rar. ii. 6; Wall. Cat. 2765A.— C. microcarpa, Lindl. in 

 Wall. Cat. 3735 (by error 2735). 



Himalaya, from Kumaon to Sikkim, at elevations of 2,500 to 7,000 feet. Khasia and 

 Naga Hills in the Assam range, at elevations of 4,000 to 5,000 feet. 



This is the only Castanopsis, except C. indica, which occurs in the Western and Central 

 Himalaya, but there it is very common. This variety is not so common in Sikkim and 

 Bhotan as the third. It occurs, however, in the Khasia Hills at the elevations indicated. 



Var. ferox, King in Booh fil. Fl. Br. Ind. v. 623. 



Leaves lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, usually entire, but sometimes serrate near the 

 apex, especially when young; involucres larger than in the typical form; the spines 

 stouter but fewer; nuts 1 to 3. — C. ferox, Spach. Hist. Nat. Phan. xi. 180; Miq. Ann- 

 Mus. Lugd. Bat. i. 119.- Q. ferox, Roxb. Fl. Ind. iii. 639 ; Wight. Ic. 218. 



At the base and on the lower slopes of the Eastern Himalaya, on the Assam and 

 Chittagong ranges, and in Upper Burmah, from 500 up to elevations of 4,000 feet. 



This is the true Q. ferox of Roxb., of which he left an admirable coloured drawing 

 in the Calcutta Herbarium. 



